Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders) - Volume 23, Issue 1, 2023

Metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus are usually associated with meta-inflammation. β-cell failure is a marked feature observed in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous situation that is accompanied by not only defective insulin secretion but also peripheral insulin resistance. β-cells are the primary organ for insulin secretion; hence, it is crucial to Read More

Roles for adipose tissues in energy metabolism, health maintenance and disease onset have been established. Evidence indicates that white, brown and beige fats are quite different in terms of their cellular origin and biological characteristics. These differences are significant in targeting adipocytes to study the pathogenesis and prevention strategies of related diseases. The biotransformations of white, brown and beige f Read More

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a widespread condition that affects millions of people each year, with an incidence rate of 0.1%-1.5%, and has a significant impact on human health. A range of stimuli, such as Helicobacter pylori, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hyperacidity, stress, alcohol, smoking, and idiopathic disease states, can produce a sore in the gastrointestinal mucosal layer. For individuals infected with H. Read More

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), leading to acute tissue injury and an overstated immune response. In COVID-19, there are noteworthy changes in the fibrinolytic system with the development of coagulopathy. Therefore, modulation of the fibrinolytic system may affect the course of COVID-19. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an anti-fibri Read More

Obesity and dyslipidemia are common disorders universally. According to the acquired outcomes of recent studies, dietary supplementations which have great content of phenolic compounds exert protective effects against obesity and dyslipidemia. Grape [Vitis vinifera] seeds are considered attractive sources of phenolic compounds with anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects. There are also various experimental Read More

Sleep plays an important function in neuro-immuno-endocrine homeostasis. Sleep disorders have been associated with an increased risk of metabolic and cognitive impairments. Among different factors that have an effect on sleep metabolism, a growing body of literature has investigated growth factors in the course of sleep quality and disorders. A good example of growth factors is fibroblast growth factors (F Read More

Background: The recently emerged novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has posed a serious threat to public health, and there is an urgent need to establish tools that can aid the clinician in the evaluation and management of highrisk patients. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the potential of sACE2 (soluble angiotensinconverting enzyme 2) as a prognostic biomarker in COVID Read More

Background: Chronic liver injury leads to liver inflammation and fibrosis, activating myofibroblasts in the liver and secreting extracellular matrix proteins that make the fibrous scar. Objectives: The purpose of our study was to characterize the polyphenolic content present in Acacia jacquemontii stem and evaluate its antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity. Methods: The phenolic contents in Acacia jacquemontii pol Read More

Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are the most prevalent organ-specific autoimmune disorders. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the proper functioning of the immune system. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the correlation between vitamin B12 deficiency and AITD. Materials and Methods: A total of 306 patients (aged 18-65 years, mean – 37.6 ± 11.3 years and comprising 87 mal Read More

Background: Diabetic patients have weakened periodontal ligaments and an increased risk of periodontitis due to uncontrolled glycemia. Betulinic acid (BA), a hypoglycemic drug, has anti-inflammatory activities. Objectives: The current study aimed to explore the protective effect of BA on the inflammation in human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or high glucose (HG) status and i Read More

Background: The syndrome Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a genetic disorder due to an extra X chromosome in males. Many cases remain undiagnosed until the onset of major manifestations, which include hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and infertility. This condition is associated with many comorbidities that involve the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems. Last but not the least, individuals with KS sho Read More

Background: Calcium ions play a key role in the heart's functional activity. The steadystate levels of calcium are contingent on the calcium regulating hormonal system, impairment of which might result in the development of cardiac pathology. An important role in these processes is also attributed to the specific inflammatory mediator, HMGB1, one of the damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released by i Read More