An Overview of Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities and Analytical Aspects of Fraxin from Cortex fraxinus

Background: Medicinal plants and their derived products have been used in the medical field for the treatment of human diseases from a very early age. Phytoproducts, including numerous pure phytoconstituents, have been used for the treatment of human health complications. Coumarin is a pure phytoconstituent of benzopyrone family derivatives. Fraxin is a coumarin glucoside found to be present in the bark of Fraxinus excelsior L. Fraxin has numerous physiological functions in medicine mainly due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective and analgesic activity. Methods: The present review mainly focuses on the medicinal importance, pharmacological activities and analytical aspects of fraxin. Pharmacological activities of fraxin have been reviewed in the present work through literature data analysis of different scientific research works. Analytical methods developed for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fraxin in herbal drugs have also been reviewed in the present work through scientific data analysis of different research works. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scopus have been searched in the present work in order to collect scientific information on fraxin. Results: Present paper summarized the biological importance, therapeutic benefit and pharmacological activities of fraxin in medicine. Scientific data analysis of different literature work revealed the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of fraxin in medicine. The biological importance of fraxin in medicine was mainly due to its significant effect on acute respiratory distress syndrome, hepatotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, acute kidney injury, osteoarthritis, liver damage and tumor. Further pharmacokinetic data on fraxin were also collected and discussed in the present work to know the plasma drug concentration profile of fraxin. The analytical data of the present paper will be beneficial for the development of newer and effective analytical tools for the quantitative estimation of fraxin in different biological samples. However, scientific experiments on fraxin for their clinical use in medicine should be developed in order to scientifically validate the medicinal uses of fraxin. Conclusion: Present paper will be beneficial to all the scientific people in the biological field to know the therapeutic benefit of fraxin against various forms of human disorders.