Marine Biomaterials for Pharmaceutical Applications: A Review

Background: Marine ecosystem is one of the main natural sources of numerous biologically active components having rich biodiversity. Marine biomaterials obtained from fungi, algae, bacteria, and fish are considered promising candidates for various biological as well as biomedical application(s). Objectives: The main focus of this manuscript is to highlight the recent trends utilized in several marine-based biomaterials developed for pharmaceutical applications. Methods: The literature contains valuable and collective information on the different bioactivities of marine-based biomaterials. A total of 287 articles are cited in the present review covering a broad spectrum of marine biomaterials, and their pharmaceutical importance. Information on different marine biomaterials, along with their source, chemical nature, and pharmaceutical importance, is exhaustively compiled here in this review. Results: Marine-based biomaterials possess a wide range of physiochemical activities, and modifications in these properties can also enhance their therapeutic and regenerative capacity. Marine biomaterials have proven to be a good source for the development of different areas of the pharmaceutical field, and still, the application of marine biomaterials is going through revitalization in the biomedical field. Conclusion: Due to the amazing diversity of marine life, there would be more significant and remarked discoveries in the field of marine biomaterials in respect of future implementation in the pharmaceutical arena.