Gold Ring and Graphite-Based Plasmonic Photonic Crystal Sensor for Biomedical Applications

Muhammad Irfan Khan; Yousuf Khan; Atiq Ur Rehman

doi:10.2174/0127723348340085241218173241

image of Gold Ring and Graphite-Based Plasmonic Photonic Crystal Sensor for Biomedical Applications

Gold Ring and Graphite-Based Plasmonic Photonic Crystal Sensor for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Muhammad Irfan Khan¹, Yousuf Khan² and Atiq Ur Rehman¹
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Affiliations: ¹ Department of Electronic Engineering, Balochistan University of IT Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Quetta, Pakistan ; ² Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Balochistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Quetta, Pakistan
Source: Current Physics
Available online: 27 December 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/0127723348340085241218173241
- Received: 26 Jun 2024
- Accepted: 19 Nov 2024
- Available online: 27 Dec 2024

Abstract

Introduction

This research puts forward a cost-efficient high-efficiency plasmonic photonic crystal sensor for biomedical applications that functions in the near-infrared range.

Method

The sensor design is composed of multiple two-dimensional photonic crystal layers stacked in the order of SiO2 foundational layer, graphite layer, MgF2 waveguide, and finally a gold ring over the top. The graphite layer is deposited for optimum sensing and high absorption peaks and is state-of-the-art in this research work. Metal deposition of the gold layer is used for harnessing plasmonic properties that play a vital role in detecting small refractive index changes.

Result

The sensor design is investigated for a range of coupling incident angles and it is found that the sensor is responsive to a broad range of angles i.e., 0^o to 80^o. The proposed sensor has given output peak values of more than 90% in the whole range of incident source angles.

Conclusion

Finally, water and 25% concentration of glucose samples are used for investigating sensor performance and it is noted that the sensor’s sensitivity reaches as high as 1675 nm/RIU-1 with a Figure of Merit (FOM) of 20.94 RIU-1. The sensor’s numerical simulations have been performed using Finite Element Method (FEM) and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD).

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