Current Organic Chemistry - Volume 27, Issue 22, 2023

Edible oils offer several health benefits. Their inclusion in food products can improve the nutritional profile while reducing saturated and trans fats. This research aimed to evaluate the sensory, microbiological, and cytotoxic characteristics of edible oils and analyze how these characteristics behave when oils are added to food products. A comprehensive search of scientific articles was conducted in the databases and virtual libraries DOAJ, IOP Science, MDPI, Scopus, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis Online, and Wiley Online Library, using a time frame from 2000 to 2023. Fish oils and oil blends were widely used in these studies. The analyzed studies demonstrated satisfactory results regarding flavor, appearance, and overall acceptance of edible oils. Low microbial growth was also found, and no toxicity was reported in the studies. Among the 70 studies reviewed, a substantial majority (76%) introduced edible oils into food formulations, focusing on dairy, baked, and confectionery products. Most of the studies that applied oils in foods showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in attributes such as color, texture, aroma, and overall acceptance compared to products without oil addition (control). Encapsulation techniques for oils and the incorporation of flavorings were identified as effective strategies for seamlessly integrating edible oils into food products. Considering the importance of the characteristics of edible oils, this study can encourage, and support researchers interested in exploring this field and developing innovative oil-based food products.

Nanocomposite coatings have garnered considerable attention as a versatile and innovative solution for addressing the challenges faced by solar cell technologies. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the multifunctional advantages that nanocomposite coatings offer in the realm of solar cell technology. Furthermore, it delves into the myriad benefits that nanocomposite coatings bring to the table, including enhanced light absorption, improved charge carrier dynamics, and augmented protection against environmental factors such as moisture, UV radiation, and thermal stress. The review also discusses the diverse materials and fabrication methods employed in the development of nanocomposite coatings, highlighting their unique properties and practical applications with multifunctional benefits. Moreover, this comprehensive review explores recent advances in the field, encompassing the integration of novel nanomaterials, smart coatings, and multifunctional strategies that enable solar cells to simultaneously exhibit multiple desirable traits. Besides, the review offers insights into future prospects and challenges, presenting a roadmap for harnessing the full potential of nanocomposite coatings in solar cell technology. By unlocking the multifunctional advantages of nanocomposite coatings, this review aims to catalyze further research and innovation, ultimately advancing the prospects of sustainable and efficient solar energy generation.

A new series of chalcones 4a-i; 6a,b, and 8 was synthesized from the condensation of ketone 2, which was prepared from the reaction of thiourea derivative 1 with 3- chloropentane-2,4-dione in MeOH at reflux temperature, with substituted aromatic/ heterocycle aldehydes in EtOH containing NaOH at room temperature. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were assessed for the synthesized compounds. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that compounds (4c, 4e, 4f, and 4i) exhibited good to excellent activity against C. albicans, S. aureus ATCC25923, E. faecalis ATCC29212, P. aeruginosa ATCC10145, and S. mutans ATCC25175. The antioxidant capabilities were assessed using the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging methods. Compounds (4b, 4c, 4d, and 4e) proved to be better at scavenging DPPH and ABTS. This study involved in-silico drug-likeness and physicochemical properties and evaluated their ADMET profiles. According to the results of the molecular docking simulation, the synthesized compounds showed lower binding energy at the active sites of Dihydropteroate synthase, Sortase A, LasR, and Penicillin-binding protein pockets, which suggests that they may have an inhibitory effect on the enzymes and show promise as antimicrobial agents.

Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine is a highly significant fused bicyclic heterocycle widely utilized in medicinal chemistry, and it holds a prominent position as a "drug prejudice" framework because of its extensive applications. Numerous approaches have been documented for the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines, with a particular focus on functionalizing these compounds. In this research, we have presented an effective multi-step synthesis method for producing imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines, achieving impressive yields ranging from 93% to 97%. The synthesized compounds were subjected to thorough characterization using various spectral analysis techniques, including FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Overall, this synthetic strategy possesses desirable features for the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and their derivatives, including high product purity, accessible starting materials, broad substrate scope, scalability, and transformability. These characteristics make it a promising approach for further development and potential application in the synthesis of valuable therapeutic compounds.

A new series of skeletons 2-(morpholinoimino)-4,5-disubstituted-3- phenylthiazoles (2-15) was synthesized. The methodology involved the reactions of 1- morpholino-3-phenyl-thiourea (1) with a variety of α -halocarbonyl compounds under Hantzsch reaction conditions. The reaction mechanism for some postulated routes was modeled using quantum mechanical calculations in order to investigate the regioselectivity preference of this reaction in terms of thermodynamics. The quantum mechanical computations compiled with experimental IR, ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectral analysis supported the favorable product, which has a thiazole ring bearing the morpholinoimino moiety at position C−2. All synthesized products were screened using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay for their cytotoxic properties against various cancer cell lines. Fortunately, the target compounds 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, and 12 were discovered to be comparable to doxorubicin in terms of their potency against all evaluated cell lines. Utilizing flow cytometry, apoptosis and cell cycle analyses were determined and supported by molecular docking studies. All tumor cells were significantly early- and late-apoptotic affected by the products 2, 4, 5, 6, 11 and 12, and these products also significantly halted all studied types of cancer cells in both S and G2 phases. The discovered compounds 2 and 12 were then subjected to a molecular docking experiment to examine how they bind with the VEGFR-2-KDR receptor.