Current Organic Chemistry - Volume 27, Issue 2, 2023

This review updates the field of asymmetric cascade palladium catalysis applied to the synthesis of chiral heterocycles since 2019. It illustrates how much a diversity of chiral palladium catalysts promote unprecedented asymmetric domino reactions of many types, allowing direct access to a wide variety of complex and densely functionalized chiral heterocyclic molecules.

One of the most widely utilized hypervalent iodines used as an oxidizing agent in organic chemistry is (dialcetoxyiodo)benzene (PhI(OAc)2), also known as (DAIB), phenyliodine(III) diacetate (PIDA). In this mini-review, PIDA is highlighted in relation to its applications in organic synthesis involving rearrangement/migration reactions along with their interesting mechanistic aspects from the summer of 2015 to the present.

The exploration of synthetic methodologies that allow rapid access to a wide variety of N-heterocycles is of critical importance to the medicinal chemist as it provides the ability to expand the available drug-like chemical space and drives more efficient drug discovery programs. β-Nitrostyrenes, as unique active intermediates, have been widely applied in synthetic organic chemistry because of their versatile utility as pharmaceutical agents and agrochemicals. In this review, we summarize the recent development and application of the elegant and efficient methods that enable the concise synthesis of N-heterocycles from β-nitrostyrenes and various partners in a step- and atom-economic manner, including cascade reactions, C-H activation, regio- and stereoselective syntheses, as well as other novel syntheses, which will potentially provide useful insights for further exploring and designing novel reactions.

Among all the heterocyclic scaffolds, 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHPs) is an important class of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds possessing prominent therapeutic effects, which play an essential role in pharmaceutical chemistry. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have proven to be an invaluable tool for swiftly synthesizing large and structurally diverse molecules from simple starting materials. The chemists have discovered a large number of new MCRs for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine. The synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridine via multicomponent reaction is an efficient procedure in terms of delivering adequate structural diversity, which is essential for the process of discovering new 1,4-DHPs compounds and their therapeutics.1,4-dihydropyridines are well-known L-type calcium channel blockers. This review aims to study and summarize the recent developments in the multicomponent synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines and their fused analogs that act as potent antihypertensive drugs. The findings of this study will prove to be an invaluable resource for researchers in the areas of heterocyclic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and drug design.

Ever since their discovery, Ionic Liquids have raised great interest in organic transformations ranging from solvents to catalytic entities. These belong to a class of nonmolecular compounds composed of ions having curiously low melting points. In the last few years, the Supported Ionic Liquids have drawn the attention of researchers and chemists due to their advantages over homogeneous catalysis. The most commonly used support for immobilized ionic liquids is polymeric. Due to its efficient recovery, reusability and chemical inertness, Merrifield resin can be considered an excellent solid support for ionic liquids. The present review summarizes the synthesis and application of Merrifield Resin Supported Ionic Liquids (MRSILs). The MRSILs can be synthesized by the immobilization of amines like ammonium, choline, imidazolium, DABCO, DMAP, pyridine, and many other functionalized precursors. Additionally, these MRSILs play an incredible role in the field of catalysis, where both metal-free and metal-containing MRSILs are embodied as a catalyst.