Current Nanoscience - Volume 9, Issue 2, 2013

Polished (111) surfaces of monocrystalline cubic gallium arsenide GaAs platelets and a powdered microcrystalline form of GaAs were nitrided towards gallium nitride GaN under a flow of ammonia at temperatures in the range 600-900 ° C for one to several tens of hours. The progress of nitridation was followed mainly by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction GIXD and powder X-ray diffraction XRD. Morphology changes were Read More

Nanocrystalline Y3Al5O12:Eu3+ phosphors with particle size about 20-40 nm have been synthesized by a facile solution combustion method. XRD and TEM studies show that Y3Al5O12 nanocrystals can directly form at a low temperature of 825 °C and highly crystalline at 850 °C. With the increase of annealing temperature, the charge transfer band shows a blue shift due to the dielectric confinement effect. The color purit Read More

The plasmonic effect of gold nanoparticles has been used in this work to enhance light energy absorption in organic solar cells, to compensate for high light-transmissivity in the active material due to its low thickness. It was found that the density of the nanoparticles grown in the device had a certain critical effect on the performance of the device; where the performance increases with higher nanoparticle density and is optim Read More

Gold, silver and platinum nanoparticles were fabricated by a laser-induced breakdown technique of Au, Ag and Pt metal plates. On the other hand, bimetallic nanoalloys consisting of Au–Ag and Au–Pt have been synthesized by irradiation of the prepared nanoparticles under UV light, which leads to an alloy type of structure. The optical characterization and particle sizes were determined by using absorption spectroscopy and tran Read More

Perchloric acid adsorbed on magnetic Fe3O4 nano-particles coated with silica (Fe3O4@SiO2-HClO4) as a magnetically separable nano-catalyst was prepared and used for the preparation of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives via multi-component reaction of cinnamaldehyde, aromatic amines and methyl / ethyl acetoacetate in high yields. Quantitative conversion of the reactants was achieved under solvent-free conditions; recycle Read More

Poorly water-soluble drugs like atorvastatin with low bioavailability needs novel approach for enhancement of bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. The use of nanotechnology to formulate as nanoemulsions offer an opportunity to address the issues associated with BCS class II drugs. Nanoemulsion of atorvastatin was developed by spontaneous emulsification method with the aim of enhancing the solubility and oral bio Read More

Introduction: Premise of the present study was to suitably select or modify the constitution of the lipid matrix to achieve significantly high entrapment of hydrophilic drugs within solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). Methods and Materials: Isoniazid was selected as a representative hydrophilic drug with a high solubility of 230 mg/ml and a log P of -0.402 at 25°C (determined as per OECD TG 105 and 107 respectively) Read More

By using oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and β-cyclodextrin derivatives (methyl-β-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl-β- cyclodextrin) as impregnating reagents, high efficiently resolution of (±)-propranolol, a kind of commonly used β-blockers, has been achieved on abovementioned reagents impregnated silica gel GF254 layers. The solvent system tert-butanol-acetonitrile with various volume ratios was further investi Read More

Experimental results on the steady-state rheological behaviour of carbon nanotube (CNT) water-based nanofluid are presented. We have investigated the influence of a controlled preshear history on the viscosity of CNT water-based nanofluid. Two types of preshear history effect are studied: the influence of stress rate during preshear and the effect of resting time before viscosity measurement. It is revealed that CNT Read More

Cystatins interfere in the functioning of antidepressant (MAOI) therefore MAOI may not be able to act on monoamine Oxidase (MAO) and the destruction of Serotonin continues which leads to depression. The effect of neurotransmitter has been studied to explore the serotonin induced cystatin dysfunction. When 1μM of cystatin was treated with increasing concentrations of serotonin, the cystatin showed increase in fluo Read More

Titania nanostructures doped with iron in optimum composition (0.0 mole% – 3.0 mole%) have been synthesized using sol–gel method from sodium dodecyl sulfate as a surfactant and titanium (IV) isopropoxide precursor. XRD studies of all samples demonstrate the characteristic features of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide in tetragonal anatase phase. XRD with magnetic measurements reveal the homogeneous substitution o Read More

Climate is likely to render a number of physiological responses in plants affecting various phytohormones, such as ethylene which influences the growth and phytochemical properties of plants. Certain compounds are found to be effective in alleviating the effects of ethylene e.g. silver nitrate, which saves the plants from the hazardous effects of ethylene and helps in modifying their growth and metabolism. Silver nanoparticles Read More

This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of viscosity and refractive index on the magnitude of droplet size and zeta potential of model indomethacin loaded oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsion and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) loaded water-in-oil (w/o) nanoemulsion. Droplet size and zeta potential of model nanoemulsions were determined using Brookhaven 90 plus/zeta plus particle size/zeta potential analyzer. Objective w Read More

This paper illustrates the vibrational behavior of single walled boron nitride nanotubes (SWBNNTs) using finite element method (FEM). To this end, atomistic model for both zigzag and armchair chiralities of the single walled boron nitride nanotubes for fixed-free boundary condition is analyzed and their natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes are obtained. The fixed-free SWBNNTs with different aspect ratios (length Read More

The membrane – peptide insertion behavior of an artificial antimicrobial peptide analogue in liposomes, planar free-standing bilayer and planar lipid membranes supported by a crystalline bacterial surface layer, termed S-layer, was investigated. The template for this peptide was peptidyl-glycine-leucine-carboxyamide (PGLa) where all lysine residues were replaced by glutamic acid resulting in a negatively charged analogue terme Read More

The phase-inversion process initiating form magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) and polysulfone, in dimethylformamide (DMF) 15%w was performed to obtain the more chemically stable Fe3O4/polysulfone (PSf) micro and nanobeads. Finally, by spraying the polysulfone- magnetite suspension into distilled water the Fe3O4/PSf micro and nanobeads were formed. The polysulfone plays dual role, such as the one that’s of protecting m Read More

Quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan/organic rectorite (QCMC/OREC) nanocomposites with different ratios were rapidly prepared under microwave irradiation for 70min. The whole preparation proceeded in water without any organic solvent. The structures of QCMC/OREC nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, TEM and FT-IR. The results showed that the QCMC chains were inserted into silicate layers to form the intercalate Read More

This report described a polysilicon nanogap biosensor for the detection of target DNA hybridization which is a key step in biodiagnostics, gene expression profiling, environmental monitoring and forensic investigation. The detection was performed with a low cost dielectric analyzer which measured the changes in capacitance, conductance and permittivity of the nanogap electrodes upon target DNA hybridization. A conve Read More

The fabrication, characterization and application of nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films on interdigitated silver electrodes were described for the determination of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) concentration. The ZnO thin films were synthesized on a silicon dioxide wafer using a sol-gel spin coating technique. Two different seed solutions were prepared by dissolving Zn-acetate dihydrate in methanol and isopropanol in pr Read More

Phytoestrogens are the most important therapeutic molecules that are richly present in soya based foods. Genistein (GEN) is one among the prominent constituent of soybean. Isolated form of Genistein has poor bioavailability because of its low aqueous solubility, absorption and limited clinical efficacy. Encapsulated GEN could be used for colloidal drug delivery for the treatment of diseases including breast cancer. In the Read More