Current Medical Imaging - Volume 21, Issue 1, 2025

Objective This study aimed to develop and assess the performance of a YOLOv8 algorithm-aided detection model for identifying rib fractures on multiplane reconstruction (MPR) images, addressing the limitations of current AI models and the labor-intensive nature of manual diagnosis. Methods Ethical approval was obtained, and a dataset comprising 624 MPR images, confirmed by CT, was collected from three regions Read More

Primary liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with over 900,000 new cases and more than 800,000 deaths annually. Conventional imaging techniques have improved the diagnosis and assessment of treatment response in patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), but they have many limitations. Introducing Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) i Read More

ObjectiveThe study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of CT-guided radiofrequency ablation in conjunction with targeted therapy in lung cancer patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 80 lung cancer patients. They were stratified into the Observation Group (OG; n=40, treated with CT-guided radiofrequency ablation in conjunction with targeted therapy) and the Control Group (CG; n=40, treated solely with targeted ther Read More

Introduction/Background:In this case series, we present two male cases with renal parenchymal perforation without perirenal hematoma after D-J ureteral stent insertion, one with nutcracker renal vein syndrome. Our study provides new and important contributions to the field of science regarding what to consider during D-J stent insertion in similar cases and in patients with obstruction in the urinary collecting system for Read More

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology and distribution characteristics of fat globules in osteomyelitis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and MethodsPatients with pathologically-confirmed osteomyelitis and MRI scans were retrospectively enrolled, and fat globules on the MRI images were analyzed.ResultsAmong 103 patients with non-traumatic osteomyelitis, 75 were fat globule neg Read More

BackgroundDelphian lymph node (DLN) metastasis is common in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, few studies have specifically investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of DLN metastasis in PTC. This study aimed to examine the incidence, risk factors, and predictive value of DLN in papillary thyroid carcinoma.MethodsIn the present study, the clinicopathologic features and metastatic risks were statistically analyze Read More

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the relationship between Radiation-Induced Lung Injury (RILI) and the clinical outcome of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) following Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR).MethodsClinical data and follow-up CT scanning of 101 patients with early NSCLC who received SABR treatment from January 2012 to December 2018 were retrospectively collected, and the Progression Free Su Read More

ObjectiveThis study seeks to assess vasculogenic mimicry (VM) occurrence in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) by delineating intratumoral and peritumoral characteristics using preoperative CT-based radiomics and a nomogram for enhanced precision.Materials and MethodsOur retrospective analysis enrolled 150 LUAD patients, ascertained their VM status, and stratified them randomly into development (n=105) Read More

PurposeThis study aimed to assess the hemodynamic changes in the vena cava and predict the likelihood of Cardiac Remodeling (CR) and Myocardial Fibrosis (MF) in athletes utilizing four-dimensional (4D) parameters.Materials and MethodsA total of 108 athletes and 29 healthy sedentary controls were prospectively recruited and underwent Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) scanning. The 4D flow parameters, i Read More

ObjectiveFibrosing mediastinitis (FM) is a rare and benign disease affecting the mediastinum and often causes pulmonary hypertension (PH). Timely diagnosis of PH caused by FM is clinically important to mitigate complications such as right heart failure in affected individuals. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the CT imaging characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) related FM in patients with (TB). Additionally, the study investi Read More

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop and validate predictive models for perineural invasion (PNI) in gastric cancer (GC) using clinical factors and radiomics features derived from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) scans and to compare the performance of these models.MethodsThis study included 205 GC patients, who were randomly divided into a training set (n=143) and a validation set (n=62) i Read More

BackgroundMuscle infiltration of bladder cancer has become the most important index to evaluate its prognosis. Machine learning is expected to accurately identify its muscle infiltration status on images.ObjectiveThis study aimed to establish and validate a machine learning prediction model based on multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT (MCECT) for preoperatively evaluating the muscle-invasive status of bladder cancer.Method Read More

BackgroundPneumoconiosis is a preventable occupational lung disease that is caused by the inhalation of inorganic occupational dust. The disease can progress and result in functional impairment. Profusion scores are crucial for the assessment of disease severity.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of pneumoconiosis cases with a profusion score of 0/1 and explore the correlation between pneumoconiosis a Read More

BackgroundThe malignant risk of cystic-solid thyroid nodules may be underestimated in the ultrasound assessment.ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the value of multimodal ultrasound characteristics in the malignant risk assessment of cystic-solid thyroid nodules.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for studies depicti Read More

ObjectiveThe objective of this research is to enhance pneumonia detection in chest X-rays by leveraging a novel hybrid deep learning model that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with modified Swin Transformer blocks. This study aims to significantly improve diagnostic accuracy, reduce misclassifications, and provide a robust, deployable solution for underdeveloped regions where access to conventional Read More

Aims:In the dynamic landscape of healthcare, integrating Artificial Intelligence paradigms has become essential for sophisticated brain image analysis, especially in tumor detection. This research addresses the need for heightened learning precision in handling sensitive medical images by introducing the Fragmented Segment Detection Technique.Background:The ever-evolving healthcare landscape demands advanced met Read More

IntroductionThe earlier detection of cervical cancer in women patients can save human life. This article proposes a novel methodology for detecting abnormal cervigram images from healthy cervigram images and segments the cancer regions in the abnormal cervigram images using the deep learning method. The conventional deep learning architecture has been modified into the proposed CervixNet architecture to i Read More

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of multiorgan (heart, lungs, blood vessels) point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) in patients with high-risk and medium-to-low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE).MethodsClinical data of 92 patients with suspected PE, admitted to Hangzhou TCM Hospital affiliated with Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from July 2021 to June 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. According to he Read More

IntroductionPneumocephalus and pneumorrhachis are rare postoperative complications, commonly occurring within a few days to months after spinal surgery. They are very rarely reported after thoracic surgeries. This case highlights a unique presentation in the emergency department involving headache and vomiting caused by late complications following thoracic surgery with a titanium rib implant.Case PresentationA Read More

BackgroundUnderstanding brain changes in older patients with depression and their relationship with cognitive abilities may aid in the diagnosis of depression in this population. This study aimed to explore the association between brain lesions and cognitive performance in older patients with depression.MethodsWe utilized magnetic resonance imaging data from a previous study, which included older adults with and without d Read More

Introduction:Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) of the breast remains a relatively rare condition, and to date, there is no systematic summary of its imaging manifestations. Therefore, this report presents a detailed account of the diagnosis and treatment of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in a 40-year-old woman, with a particular focus on imaging findings. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive literature review on this dis Read More

BackgroundCervical cancer is a prevalent malignancy among women, often asymptomatic in early stages, complicating detection.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate innovative techniques for early cervical cancer detection using a novel U-RCNNS model.MethodsCervical epithelial cell images stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were analyzed using the U-RCNNS model, which integrates U-Net for segmentation and Read More

AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate renal artery embolization in patients with spontaneous renal artery bleeding based on detailed angiographic findings and a comprehensive analysis of its efficacy and clinical outcomes.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated the outcomes of renal artery embolization in 18 cases among 15 patients (11 men and 4 women; mean age: 57.9 years) treated for spo Read More

BackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common in the digestive and central nervous systems and can infect the entire digestive tract from the mouth to the rectum. In immunocompromised patients, CMV infection is prone to develop into CMV disease, especially in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients. Severe cases may accelerate the progression of AIDS patients and form systemic CMV infection. T Read More

BackgroundType 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) increases vulnerability to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and coexistence of MASLD in patients with T2DM using ultrasound.MethodsThis cross-sectional retrospective study included 168 patients with T2DM from multiple diabetes clinics in Abha City, Asir region, recruited between August 2 Read More

BackgroundPrimary intracranial Ewing Sarcoma/peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (EWS/pPNET) is exceedingly rare and easy to misdiagnose.Case PresentationWe present a case involving a 23-year-old male who presented with headaches and vomiting. The preoperative brain imaging revealed an irregular mass in the left parietal lobe, initially misdiagnosed as meningioma. However, the surgical specimen Read More

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to establish the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided hydrodilatation of the glenohumeral joint, in conjunction with corticosteroid injection, in alleviating pain and improving shoulder joint adhesion among patients with primary frozen shoulder (FS).BackgroundFS, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a pathological condition characterized by pain and potential functional impairm Read More

Transcranial Doppler is an instrumental ultrasound method capable of providing data on various brain pathologies, in particular, the study of cerebral hemodynamics in stroke, quickly, economically, and with repeatability of the data themselves. However, literature reviews from clinical studies and clinical trials reported that it is an operator-dependent method, and the data can be influenced by external factors, such as Read More

BackgroundPerforation is one of the rarest effects of Meckel's diverticulum and may clinically resemble acute appendicitis.Case ReportA 34-year-old woman with pain in the right iliac fossa, nausea, and vomiting for three days was brought to the emergency department. An abdominal examination indicated rebound tenderness in the area of the right iliac fossa. Abdominal ultrasound showed a heterogeneous lesion in t Read More

ObjectivesRetroperitoneal nerve sheath tumors are uncommon, representing a small fraction of all primary retroperitoneal neoplasms. Accurate differentiation between benign and malignant forms is essential for optimal clinical management. This study assessed the clinical profiles and sonographic traits of retroperitoneal nerve sheath tumors with the goal of enhancing diagnostic precision and developing therapeutic str Read More

Background and ObjectiveLung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, necessitating early and accurate detection methods. Our study aims to enhance lung cancer detection by integrating VGGNet-16 form of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) into a hybrid model (SVMVGGNet-16), leveraging the strengths of both models for high accuracy and reliability in Read More

BackgroundAxitinib is a selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors and is used in the treatment of many malignancies. Herein, we reported a rare case with axitinib-induced retinal changesand associated toxicity.Case PresentationA forty-five-year-old female presented with blurred vision who had been taking 7 mg of Axitinib bid for 5 months. Initial Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) was 20/3 Read More

BackgroundSpinal image denoising plays a vital role in the accurate diagnosis of disc herniation (DH).ObjectiveTraditional denoising algorithms perform less due Limited Directional Selectivity problem and do not adequately capture directional information in pixels. Traditional algorithms' edge representation and texture details are insufficient for the earlier detection of DH. Limited Directional Selectivity leads to inaccurate Read More

ObjectivesPatients with Turner syndrome need hormone replacement therapy for puberty induction. However, it is not known whether inadequate hormone replacement therapy affects the pituitary.Material and MethodsPatients with Turner syndrome (n=35) and healthy control (n=20) (age/gender matched) subjects were included. MRI imaging of the pituitary was used to calculate pituitary volumes. According to the est Read More

BackgroundHypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a brain injury that is caused by improper oxygen/blood flow. None of the existing works have concentrated on detecting HIE based on the sub-acute injury in the brain.ObjectiveTo enhance the accuracy and specificity of HIE detection, a comprehensive approach that includes SAI identification, BGT segmentation, and volume calculation will be utilized.MethodsThis study a Read More

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare automated three-dimensional Intrapulmonary Vessel Volume (IPVV) differences between lung and mediastinal windows in healthy individuals using quantitative measurements obtained from chest Computed Tomography (CT) plain scans.MethodsA total of 258 participants (aged 21–83 years) with negative chest CT scans from routine physical examinations conducted between Januar Read More

BackgroundEarly diagnosis of prostate cancer can improve the survival rate of patients on the premise of high-quality images. The prerequisite for early diagnosis is high-quality images. ZOOMit is a method for high-resolution, zoomed FOV imaging, allowing diffusion-weighted images with high contrast and resolution in short acquisition times. RESOLVE DWI is an advanced MRI technique developed to obtain high-resolution diffusi Read More

IntroductionScreening ultrasound proves to be remarkably beneficial in pre-hospital settings, particularly in geographically remote areas with technological constraints and no medical specialties. Urological pathology has a high frequency of occurrence in the emergency department and is part of the wide range of occurrences that can benefit from this ultrasound screening as a clinical guide for patients.Case PresentationI Read More

ObjectiveThis prospective study aimed to establish the typical viscosity range of the thyroid gland in healthy individuals using a new method called the Sound Touch Viscosity (STVi) technique with a linear array transducer.MethodsSeventy-eight healthy volunteers were enrolled between March, 2023 and April, 2023. Thyroid viscosity was measured using the Resona R9 ultrasound system equipped with a linear array transducer (L Read More

Background Patients with abdominal Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (PPGL) are prone to a hypertensive crisis during surgery, which may endanger their lives. This study aimed to develop and validate a Computed Tomography (CT) radiomics nomogram for the prediction of intraoperative hypertensive crisis in patients with PPGL. Methods In this retrospective study, 212 patients with abdominal PPGL underwe Read More

IntroductionThis paper examines the impact of transfer learning and CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization) optimization on the classification of medical images, specifically brain images.MethodsFour different setups were tested: normal images without data augmentation, normal images with data augmentation, CLAHE-processed images without data augmentation, and CLAHE-processed images with data Read More

BackgroundExtrahepatic Common Bile Duct Obstruction (EHBDO) is a serious condition that requires accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a widely used noninvasive imaging technique for visualizing bile ducts, but its interpretation can be complex.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a deep learning-based classification model that integrates MRCP im Read More

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of spectral dual-energy detector computed tomography (SDCT) and its associated parameters in diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism (APE).MethodsRetrospective analysis of imaging data from 86 APE-diagnosed patients using SDCT was conducted. Virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) at 40, 70, and 100 KeV, Iodine concentration (IC) maps, Electron Cloud Dens Read More

Background:Laparoscopically Harvested Pedicled Omental Flap (LHPOF) has become a viable option for breast reconstruction due to advancements in minimally invasive techniques, offering benefits like reduced postoperative pain and minimal scarring.Case Presentation:This study examines the imaging findings in eight patients who underwent breast reconstruction using a LHPOF. Imaging modalities, including mammography, ult Read More