Current Medical Imaging - Volume 17, Issue 4, 2021

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients has considerable prognostic and treatment potential and can be tailored to individual patients as part of precision medicine protocols. This work reviews recent advances in artificial intelligence so as to enable the use of radiogenomics for accurate NAC analysis and prediction. The work addresses a new problem in radiogenomics mining: How to combine Read More

Background: High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) is a mobile, radiation-free imaging tool for the diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders. We aim to demonstrate the diagnostic value of dynamic HFUS for undiagnosed lower chest, upper abdomen, and loin pain with this case series. Case Series: A cricketer presented with long-standing left-sided dull ache lower chest and upper abdominal pain, aggravated on exertion and leaning fo Read More

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a fatal disease that ultimately results in kidney failure. The primary threat is the aetiology of CKD. Over the years, researchers have proposed various techniques and methods to detect and diagnose the disease. The conventional method of detecting CKD is the determination of the estimated glomerular filtration rate by measuring creatinine levels in blood or urine. Conventi Read More

Background: Traditional endoscopy is an invasive and painful method of examining the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) not supported by physicians and patients. To handle this issue, video endoscopy (VE) or wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is recommended and utilized for GIT examination. Furthermore, manual assessment of captured images is not possible for an expert physician because it’s a time taking task to analyze th Read More

Background: Nature had already engineered various types of nanoparticles (NPs), especially viruses, which can deliver their cargo to the host/targeted cells. The ability to selectively target specific cells offers a significant advantage over the conventional approach. Numerous organic NPs, including native protein cages, virus-like particles, polymeric saccharides, and liposomes, have been used for the preparation of na Read More

Background: Increasing interest in identifying cerebral hemodynamics alterations as a cause of possible onset or worsening of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with vascular risk factors. Introduction: Intracranial ultrasound is a non-invasive, repeatable inexpensive method for recording variation of the cerebral vascular tree in physiological and pathological conditions and the diagnosis of vascular dementia (Va Read More

Background: The typical imaging finding of MM is bone destruction in the form of diffuse patchy osteolytic lesions or punctate destruction. However, it is difficult to accurately determine the fine structure of bone affected by MM with these techniques due to low specificity and sensitivity. Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the microscopic anatomical morphology and analyze the microstructure changes of trabec Read More

Aim and Objective: The study aimed to estimate the relationship between Coronary Calcium Scoring (CCS) and the presence of different degrees of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) to avoid unnecessary examinations and hence unnecessary radiation exposure and contrast injection. Background: Coronary Calcium Scoring (CCS) is a test that uses x-ray equipment to produce pictures of the coronary arteries to determi Read More

Background: Endometriomas and functional hemorrhagic cysts (FHCs) are a common gynecological encounter. Objective: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic efficiency of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using signal intensity measurements in differentiating endometriomas from FHCs. Methods: Forty-six patients who underwent pelvic MRI examinations (endometriomas, n=28; FHCs, n=18) were retrospectively incl Read More

Purpose: The Insall-Salvati Index (ISI) is the ratio of the patellar tendon length to the length of the patella. This ratio is the most commonly used method for evaluating patellar placement and patellofemoral imbalance. The position of the patella is important for the knee joint function and also for biomechanics. The abnormal position of the patella may lead to patellofemoral malalignment and instability. Herein, we aimed to an Read More

Background: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammogram (CESM) is a modern technique providing additional information to detect or diagnose breast cancers. Introduction: We present a rare ACC of the breast on CESM. Methods: A 49-year-old woman with surgicopathological proved ACC was reported with tumor features on CESM, sonography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI). Results: Sonography Read More

Ectopic thymic tissue is an unusual finding that is generally asymptomatic. We present a case series of five pediatric patients with cervical ectopic thymuses. In two patients, the ectopic thymic tissue was symptomatic, and in three patients, it was an incidental finding. We highlight the need to include this anomaly in the differential diagnosis for a pediatric neck mass. We also propose observation, rather than surgical excision, a Read More

Background: A ureteral diverticulum (UD) is a rare urological malformation characterized by the saccular enlargement of the ureteral wall. It can be of different sizes and in various localizations. In the literature, three types of UD have been defined as abortive bifid ureter, congenital, and acquired. Case Report: In a 65-year-old male patient, an enlargement was incidentally detected in the distal part of the right ureter on fl Read More

Background: Primary breast angiosarcoma is a rare malignancy with non-specific clinical and radiological findings. Case Report: A 30-year-old lady presented with left breast pain and lumpiness for over one year. She has had several breast ultrasounds (US) and was treated for acute mastitis and abscess. Subsequently, in view of the rapid growth of the lump and worsening pain, she was re-investigated with US, elastography, Read More

Background: Bone cement is an uncommon cause of foreign-body pulmonary embolism. Case Presentation: A 65-year-old woman with wheeze presented with multiple linear opacities with bone density on chest x-ray. She reported percutaneous vertebroplasty 4 months prior. Non-- contrast chest computerized tomography showed peripheral cement emboli in the pulmonary arteries. The patient received conservative treatm Read More

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare primary cutaneous tumor. The standardized imaging guidelines for the diagnosis of MCC have not been established. We report the multimodality imaging features of MCC, including CT, MRI, and ultrasound with grayscale and color Doppler mode as well as the elastography and even a histopathologic confirmation. Case Report: We report the case of a 76-year old male patie Read More