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Volume 21, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1573-4056
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6603
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Abstract

Objectives

Patients with Turner syndrome need hormone replacement therapy for puberty induction. However, it is not known whether inadequate hormone replacement therapy affects the pituitary.

Material and Methods

Patients with Turner syndrome (n=35) and healthy control (n=20) (age/gender matched) subjects were included. MRI imaging of the pituitary was used to calculate pituitary volumes. According to the estradiol regimen, patients were divided into two groups; (i) those treated with low-dose conjugated oestrogen (CE, 0.625 mg) and (ii) those treated with combination therapy (ethinyl estradiol+sipropterone acetate; 35 mcg/2 mg). Pituitary measurements were calculated according to pituitary borders and their distances to each other pituitary MRI.

Results

Pituitary hyperplasia (0.58±0.15 cm3. 0.40±0.17 cm3) was determined in patients with low dose conjugated estrogen compared to the other patients or healthy control subjects (0.42±0.16 cm3) (p=0.005). Serum FSH levels of the patients treated with low dose CE were also higher compared to the patients who received combination therapy (p=0.001).

Conclusion

Inadequate hormone replacement therapy can cause devastating effects on the bones and uterine health and disrupts the pituitary structure.

© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Bentham Science Publishers.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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2025-01-01
2025-07-04

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/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/1573405619666230223170130
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Inadequate Gonadal Replacement in Patients with Turner Syndrome may Result in Pituitary Volume Enlargement
Curr. Med. Imaging 21, e230223213994 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/1573405619666230223170130
/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/1573405619666230223170130
/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/1573405619666230223170130
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): Estrogen; Hormone replacement therapy; Hypogonadism; MRI imaging; Pituitary hyperplasia; Turner syndrome

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