Current Drug Metabolism - Volume 17, Issue 3, 2016

Objective: This review consists of three parts, representing three different possibilities of interactions between cannabinoid receptor ligands of both exogenous and endogenous origin and cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs). The first part deals with cannabinoids as CYP substrates, the second summarizes current knowledge on the influence of various cannabinoids on the metabolic activity of CYP, and the third outline a possibl Read More

Background: The contribution of the CYP3A5 enzyme to the metabolism of clinically used drugs has been established only for a few CYP3A substrates, such as the immunosuppressant tacrolimus, while for drugs used in the field of psychiatry its role is still vague. Methods: We herein discuss all published data on the contribution of CYP3A5 and its polymorphisms to the metabolism of antipsychotics and antidepressants Read More

Background: To date, the most effective way to treat HIV is to use a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) that combines three or more different drugs. The usual regimen consists of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and either a protease inhibitor, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, or an integrase strand transfer inhibitor. Due to the emerging resistance against the nucleoside analogue Read More

Background: The disposition of a drug is dependent on interactions between the body and the drug, its molecular properties and the physical and biological barriers presented in the body. In order for a drug to have a desired pharmacological effect it has to have the right properties to be able to reach the target site in sufficient concentration. This review details how drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) and physicoc Read More

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. WHO projects that diabetes death will be doubled between 2005 and 2030, where 347 million people worldwide had diabetes as per the report of 2013. The increase in the prevalence of diabetes is due to three influences - lifestyle, ethnicity, and age. M Read More

Background: Osmotic pump drug delivery systems are one of the most promising and widely developed systems. They are based on the principle of osmosis and are characterized by a zero-order release pattern independent of the physicochemical properties of the drug involved and some physiological factors. In the past 30 years, a series of difficulties, such as the very wide solubility range of different drugs, have been res Read More

Background: The etiology of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans, is still unknown, but evidence suggests that genetic and environmental factors interact to promote an excessive immune response that leads to tissue damage. Defects in the counter-regulatory mechanisms are also supposed to make a major contribution to the amplification and Read More