Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry - Volume 19, Issue 4, 2019

Human insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis affects the molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially in the abnormality of hepatic IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) or IGF-II expression as a key molecule in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the over-expression of hepatic IGFIR is associated with HCC progression with largely unknown mechanisms. The IGF-IR as one key molecule of the IGF signal pathway plays an i Read More

Glyoxalase system is a ubiquitous system in human cells which has been examined thoroughly for its role in different disease conditions. It is composed of Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) and Glyoxalase- II which perform an essential metabolic process inside the cell by detoxifying endogenous harmful metabolites, mainly methylglyoxal (MG) into non-toxic D-lactic acid. Tumor cells are well-known for their high metabolic rate which result Read More

As noteworthy members of the terpenoid family, iridoids are a group of natural compounds that have a cyclopentane ring and hemiacetal structural features. Among them, phenylpropionyl iridoids— widely present in Bignoniaceae, Rubiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Verbenaceae, and Oleaceae— were discovered and extracted from plants mainly between the 1980s and 2000s. Because of their unique structural feature Read More

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), historically considered to be the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome, is a spectrum of fat-associated liver conditions, in the absence of secondary causes, that may progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Disease progression is closely associated with body weight or fatness, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation Read More

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease caused due to translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 leading to a chimeric gene product known as Bcr-Abl. Bcr-Abl fusion protein has constitutively activated Abl tyrosine kinase activity which is responsible for the uncontrolled proliferation in CML The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as Imatinib, Dasatinib, and Nilotinib are the current first-line tr Read More

Thiazolidine-2,4-dione (TZD) is one of the most frequently encountered heterocyclic rings which has been implicated in design and synthesis of entities for various pathogenic conditions including cancer. Since its discovery various substitutions at 5th position have been carried out and reviewed. Various substitutions at 5th position have led to generation of glitazones, whose target peroxisome proliferating activated rec Read More