Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry - Volume 17, Issue 4, 2017

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) found in diverse variety of animals including puffer fishes, some newts, frogs and limited number of non-vertebrate species (6 different phyla). The saxitoxin (STX) and the TTX are small molecules composed of 7,8,9 guanidinium and 1,2,3 guanidinium groups, respectively in their structures. These groups provide positive charge to the molecules and are believed to interact with negatively charged Glu755 and Read More

In the previous parts of the series the antiviral agents used in genital herpes, genital HPV infection and therapeutic options in HIV infections were presented. The sexual contact is one of the major routes in the transmission of HBV and also possible modes of transmission of HCV. In this review we present the clinical indications, mechanisms of action, and side effects of presently available medication for the management of HBV Read More

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) has been known as a common medical problem all over the world. Thrombus traveling in blood vessels may lead to pulmonary embolism (PE), associated with high rates of mortality. Anticoagulant therapy is the mainstay treatment of DVT. Common anticoagulants, Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), unfractionated heparin (UFH) and Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) have been used Read More

B-RAF gene is a component of the MAPK pathway that plays a very important role in cell division, survival, proliferation, and many other cellular functions. Mutations of the B-RAF (such as V600E-B-RAF) lead to melanoma, which is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. R progress is being done aiming at improved therapy in the future. The existing melanoma therapy is left out with poor overall survival, drug resistanc Read More

Liposomes and nanoliposomes as small vesicles composed of phospholipid bilayer (entrapping one or more hydrophilic or lipophilic components) have recently found several potential applications in medicine and food industry. These vesicles may protect the core materials from moisture, heat and other extreme conditions. They may also provide controlled release of various bioactive agents, including food ingredients at the rig Read More

The humans worldwide are facing obesity as a major clinical threat because it is linked with cardiovascular diseases which often have serious consequences. Treatments available for body weight loss do not produce permanent weight loss and they often bear some side effects. To achieve safer antiobesetic therapeutics, researchers are moving towards plant-based therapeutic formulations. Many phytomolecules have bee Read More

Extracted from Euphorbia, ent-Abietane lactones can be classified into several categories, such as Jolkinolides and Helioscopinolides, according to their structural features. The study of ent- Abietane lactones could date back to 1972, when Jolkinolide A and B were first isolated from Euphorbia jolkini Boiss. Since then, many other ent-Abietane lactones have been extracted from different species of Euphorbia. Their bio-activities i Read More