The International Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases - Online First

Alcohol consumption trouble is the leading cause of disability and illness in the world. Aside from its negative health consequences, alcohol also has a substantial economic impact on society. This burden manifests itself in the way of health-care costs together with personal expenses for the healing process of morbidities caused by alcohol consumption, diminished earning capacity due to early death. The Government of India (GOI) is concentrating on implementing measures to deal with the alarming and rising cost of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and disabilities in the nation. After drinking, alcohol increases the release of leptin, called satiety hormone produced in adipose tissues, together with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which mitigates the hunger in alcoholics. After that, TNF-α triggers secondary inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), to be over-expressed, which further reduces appetite. Recent research suggests that excessive lipid production, oxidative stress, inflammation along with the intricate connections between the body's immune system, alcohol metabolism and lipid metabolism, are some of the many factors that trigger liver disease caused by alcohol.

There are three medications, namely acamprosate, disulfiram and naltrexone that have been authorised by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of drinking disorders. However, these drugs have a number of drawbacks, including symptoms connected to the nervous system. This significant review discusses the scientific mechanisms behind a few particular bioactive constituents of medicinal plants that have been shown to significantly reduce hangover symptoms by detoxifying alcohol metabolites, influencing the metabolic process of alcohol and because of its antioxidants and/or anti-inflammatory capabilities.