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Volume 3, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2666-2906
  • E-ISSN: 2666-2914

Abstract

The gut microbiota plays a key role in human health. Dominated by the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, its composition is highly individualized and influenced by diet, age, genetics, and the environment. The gut-liver axis highlights the bidirectional relationship between the gut and the liver, impacting metabolic homeostasis and immune regulation. Gut dysbiosis, an imbalance in the gut microflora, contributes to liver diseases by disrupting gut barrier function and bile acid metabolism, leading to inflammation and fibrogenesis. Advancements in omics approaches, such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics, have enhanced our understanding of the gut microbiota. These approaches offer insights into microbial composition and function, although they vary in cost, efficiency, and complexity. Metagenomics is widely used for its cost-effectiveness and rapid turnaround time despite limitations in taxonomic resolution, while metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics offer functional and metabolic insights but require sophisticated techniques and expertise. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio is a potential biomarker of gut dysbiosis linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and liver diseases. However, its diagnostic reliability is debated due to variations in individual factors and a lack of data on its associations with several diseases. Future research should focus on integrating multi-omics approaches so as to provide a holistic view of the gut microbiota and its role in health and disease, aiming for applications in precision medicine. While promising, the F/B ratio should be used cautiously alongside other diagnostic measures. In addition, renewed efforts are needed to develop cost-effective and rapid analysis methods for clinical use.

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2024-10-01
2025-01-19

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Should Routine Diagnostics Implement Gut Microbiota Analysis?
Int J Gastroenterol Hepatol Dis 3, E26662906338438 (2024); https://doi.org/10.2174/0126662906338438240920053601
/content/journals/ijghd/10.2174/0126662906338438240920053601
/content/journals/ijghd/10.2174/0126662906338438240920053601
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  • Article Type:     Editorial
Keyword(s): biomarker; diagnosis; firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio; gut-liver axis; metagenomics; Omics

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