Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - Volume 16, Issue 8, 2016

Vanadium compounds are promising anti-diabetic agents. Although BEOV was not able to succeed in phase II clinical trial, great progresses have been made in the past three decades on the discovery and development of anti-diabetic vanadium compounds. A vast of knowledge has been obtained on the molecular mechanisms of both the pharmacological and toxicological effects of vanadium complexes. It has been revea Read More

There is growing evidence to suggest that chronic, low-grade inflammation occurs in abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and related complications, and that proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes. These findings consequently provide new opportunities for the use of anti-inflammatory strategies to correct the metabolic disorders. Discover Read More

Alzheimer’s disease is a devastating and invariably fatal neurodegenerative brain disorder with no cure. AD is characterized by two pathological protein deposits, the senile plaques composed mainly of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide and the neurofibrillary tangles which are bundles of paired helical filaments (PHF) of protein tau. In addition, oxidative stress, disorders in signal transduction and metal ions dyshomeostasis also play sign Read More

Mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation occur in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The causes of these pathologic lesions remain uncertain, but links between these phenomena are increasingly recognized. In this review, we discuss data that indicate mitochondria or mitochondrial components may contribute to neuroinflammation. While mitochondrial dysfunction could cause neuroinflammation, neuroinflammation Read More

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a component of electron transport chain and acts as an antioxidant. It is also used for preventing neurodegeneration against mitochondrial deficiency and oxidative stress. Therefore, CoQ10 has received increasing attention as therapeutic and preventive intervention for neurodegenerative diseases. This review article focuses mainly on the structure of CoQ10, the function of CoQ10 and th Read More

Dementia is an acquired progressive cognitive dysfunction, affecting the content of consciousness rather than the level of consciousness. Most dementia is senile dementia, accounting for the majority of dementia. The most important and common form of senile dementia is refractory dementia, which includes Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). Due to the diversity and uncertainty of the pathogenic Read More

Alginate is a naturally occurring acidic linear polysaccharide obtained from marine brown seaweed. Low molecular weight structurally diverse derivatives and oligosaccharides derived from alginate have shown various tremendous biological and pharmacological activities. It has been demonstrated that immuno-inflammation is involved in many prevalent human diseases, such as cancer, severe infection and neurodeg Read More

As an important hallmark in cancer progress, inflammation attracts more and more interests in recent years. Lots of evidences support the positive effect of n-3 PUFA in inflammation-associated diseases, the supplement of these fatty acids is thought to be promising in the prevention and treatment of cancers. In this review, we summarize some current knowledge of the mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA are thought to atte Read More