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- Volume 14, Issue 26, 2008
Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 14, Issue 26, 2008
Volume 14, Issue 26, 2008
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Editorial [Hot Topic:Drug Targets in Ageing and Age-Associated Diseases (Executive Editors: C. Caruso and E. Jirillo)]
Authors: Calogero Caruso and Emilio JirilloAgeing is a post-maturational process that, due to a diminished homeostatic capacity and increased vulnerability, reduces responsiveness to environmental stimuli. Nowdays, individuals can live until 80-120 years but this increase in lifespan is not free of disabilities and diseases. Therefore, current attempts are aimed at finding out drug targets by which one may correct functional deficits in ageing and/or prevent age-associ Read More
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A Scientific Approach to Anti-Ageing Therapies: State of the Art
Authors: E. Jirillo, G. Candore, T. Magrone and C. CarusoA lasting dream of human beings is to reverse or at least postpone ageing. During the last years, an increasing number of scientific meetings, articles, and books have been devoted to anti-ageing therapies. This subject, full of misleading, simplistic, or wrong ideas, is very popular among the general public, whose imagery has been fascinated by all possible tools to delay ageing, getting immortality. Here, we discuss anti-a Read More
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The Use of the Inhibitory Receptors for Modulating the Immune Responses
Authors: S. M. Henson, R. Macaulay, S. Kiani-Alikhan and A. N. AkbarInhibitory receptors of the CD28 family, CTLA-4 and PD-1 deliver negative signals that regulate the balance between T cell activation, tolerance, and immunopathology. Manipulation of these pathways has been utilized by pathogens and tumors to establish chronic infections or to promote tumor survival. In this review, we examine the role of CTLA-4 and PD-1 in regulating immune response and discuss their therapeutic pot Read More
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Post-Transcriptional Regulation of HSP70 Expression Following Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells: The Potential Involvement of the RNA-Binding Protein HuR
Authors: M. Amadio, G. Scapagnini, U. Laforenza, M. Intrieri, L. Romeo, S. Govoni and A. PascaleBrain aging is associated with a progressive imbalance between intracellular concentration of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and cells ability to activate defensive genes. Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) has been shown to act as a fundamental defensive mechanism for neurons exposed to an oxidant challenge, and its expression decreases during senescence. In the present report we show that the RNA-binding protein ELAV/Hu Read More
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Elevated Plasma Levels of α -1-Anti-Chymotrypsin in Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease: A Potential Therapeutic Target
Authors: E. Porcellini, E. J. Davis, M. Chiappelli, E. Ianni, G. Di Stefano, P. Forti, G. Ravaglia and F. Licastroα-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), is an acute phase protein and a protease inhibitor produced by the liver and brain. ACT is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), since elevated ACT concentration was found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain from AD. ACT has also been shown to influence amyloid deposition in vitro and in animal models of AD. In this investigation 830 healthy controls, 69 subjects with cognitive i Read More
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Pharmacogenetics and Pharmagenomics, Trends in Normal and Pathological Aging Studies: Focus on p53
Authors: C. Lanni, M. Racchi, D. Uberti, G. Mazzini, S. Stanga, E. Sinforiani, M. Memo and S. GovoniIn spite of the fact that the aging organism is the result of complex life-long gene/environment interactions, making peculiar the susceptibility to diseases and the response to drugs, pharmacogenetics studies are largely neglected in the aged. Altered response to drugs, cardiovascular and metabolic alterations, cancer and dementia are among the age associated ailments. The latter two are the major contributors to illness Read More
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Association between the Polymorphisms of TLR4 and CD14 Genes and Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: C. R. Balistreri, M. P. Grimaldi, M. Chiappelli, F. Licastro, L. Castiglia, F. Listi, S. Vasto, D. Lio, C. Caruso and G. CandoreAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and progressive neurodegenerative disease which in Western society mainly accounts for clinical dementia. Inflammation plays a key role in AD and dissecting the genetics of inflammation may provide an answer to the possible treatment. Hence, the better understanding of different molecular and cellular inflammatory mechanisms is crucial for complete knowledge of AD Read More
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Pro-Inflammatory Gene Variants in Myocardial Infarction and Longevity: Implications for Pharmacogenomics
Authors: F. Listi, M. Caruso, E. Incalcaterra, E. Hoffmann, G. Caimi, C. R. Balistreri, S. Vasto, V. Scafidi, C. Caruso and G. CandoreInflammation and genetics play an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, despite the increasing appreciation of the role of genetics in CHD and myocardial infarction (MI) pathogenesis, pharmacogenomic approaches to uncover drug target have not been extensively explored. Cyclo-oxygenases (COXs) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) are the key enzymes in the conversion of arac Read More
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Prognostic Role of Sub-Clinical Hypothyroidism in Chronic Heart Failure Outpatients
Authors: M. Iacoviello, P. Guida, E. Guastamacchia, V. Triggiani, C. Forleo, R. Catanzaro, M. Cicala, M. Basile, S. Sorrentino and S. FavaleBackground. It has been suggested that low thyroid hormones levels may be associated with increased mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. Aim. To evaluate the prognostic role of thyroid function deficiency in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods. We evaluated 338 consecutive outpatients with stable CHF receiving conventional therapy, all of whom underwent a physical examination, electrocardiogr Read More
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Relationship Among Fatty Liver, Adipose Tissue Distribution and Metabolic Profile in Moderately Obese Children: An Ultrasonographic Study
Authors: M. Chiloiro, G. Riezzo, S. Chiarappa, M. Correale, V. Guerra, L. Amati, M. R. Noviello and E. JirilloWe examined the relationship between moderate obesity and glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and suspected fatty liver in children. We measured body mass index (BMI), z-score BMI, caliper skinfold thickness, waist and hip circumference in 94 participants (mean age 9.7 ±2.2 years). Fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA score, lipid profile and transaminases (ALT, AST) were measured. Fatty liver and skinfold thickness Read More
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Body Composition and -174G/C Interleukin-6 Promoter Gene Polymorphism: Association with Progression of Insulin Resistance in Normal Weight Obese Syndrome
Authors: L. Di Renzo, A. Bertoli, M. Bigioni, V. D. Gobbo, M. G. Premrov, V. Calabrese, N. Di Daniele and A. De LorenzoInsulin resistance and obesity are intimately related to a chronic low grade systemic inflammation. Interleukin- 6 (IL-6) may influence the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of body's fat mass on the relationships between -174G/C IL-6 promoter gene polymorphism, IL-6 circulating level and insulin resistance. A population of 150 Caucasian women was studied, subdi Read More
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Role of Diet and Nutrition on the Alteration of the Quality and Quantity of Stem Cells in Human Aging and the Diseases of Aging
By J. E. TroskoAn integrative synthesis of concepts and an explosion of experimental and epidemiological findings allow new insights as to how the interactions of genetic, environmental, dietary, cultural (social, psychological, economic) factors can influence the aging and diseases of aging processes. Although the net effect of the best dietary maintenance of homeostatic control of cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis, sys Read More
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Zinc, Metallothioneins and Longevity: Interrelationships with Niacin and Selenium
Authors: E. Mocchegiani, M. Malavolta, E. Muti, L. Costarelli, C. Cipriano, F. Piacenza, S. Tesei, R. Giacconi and F. LattanzioAgeing is an inevitable biological process with gradual and spontaneous biochemical and physiological changes and increased susceptibility to diseases. Some nutritional factors (zinc, niacin, selenium) may remodel these changes leading to a possible escaping of diseases, with the consequence of healthy ageing, because they are involved in improving immune functions, metabolic homeostasis and antioxidant defe Read More
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Polyphenols from Red Wine Modulate Immune Responsiveness: Biological and Clinical Significance
Authors: T. Magrone, G. Candore, C. Caruso, E. Jirillo and V. CovelliMany studies have been conducted on the effects of red wine polyphenols on certain diseases, primarily, coronary heart disease (CHD) and, in this respect, evidence has been demonstrated that intake of red wine is associated with a reduction of CHD symptomatology. In this framework, the purpose of this review is to illustrate the effects of polyphenols on immune cells from human healthy peripheral blood. Data will show th Read More
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Elicitation of Immune Responsiveness Against Antigenic Challenge in Age- Related Diseases: Effects of Red Wine Polyphenols
Authors: T. Magrone, A. Tafaro, F. Jirillo, L. Amati, E. Jirillo and V. CovelliPolyphenols contained in red wine possess a broad array of properties which seem to be beneficial to human and animal health. We have investigated the ability of red wine polyphenols to promote the in vitro release of both proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines from human healthy mononuclear cells, as well as of immunoglobulins from B cells. Following red wine (Negroamaro) pretreatment of lymph Read More
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Molecular Effects Elicited In Vitro by Red Wine on Human Healthy Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Potential Therapeutical Application of Polyphenols to Diet-Related Chronic Diseases
Authors: T. Magrone, M. A. Panaro, E. Jirillo and V. CovelliRed wine represents a source of polyphenols which exhibit a number of biological effects on various systems. In this respect, there is evidence that red wine polyphenols constitute one of the ingredients of the Mediterranean diet which is associated to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease according to current literature. Here, we have evaluated in vitro the molecular mechanisms elicited by polyphenols from red wine (Negr Read More
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 31 (2025)
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Volume 30 (2024)
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Volume 29 (2023)
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Volume 28 (2022)
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Volume 27 (2021)
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Volume 26 (2020)
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Volume 25 (2019)
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Volume 24 (2018)
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Volume 23 (2017)
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Volume 22 (2016)
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Volume 21 (2015)
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Volume 20 (2014)
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Volume 19 (2013)
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Volume 18 (2012)
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Volume 17 (2011)
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Volume 16 (2010)
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Volume 15 (2009)
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Volume 14 (2008)
- Issue 36
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Volume 13 (2007)
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Volume 12 (2006)
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Volume 11 (2005)
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Volume 10 (2004)
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Volume 9 (2003)
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Volume 8 (2002)
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Volume 7 (2001)
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Volume 6 (2000)
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