Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Volume 22, Issue 14, 2021

Background: Nanotechnology involves the synthesis of materials that are in nanometre sizes (1 to 100 nm). Nanotechnology has appeared as a new area of fundamental science and is getting worldwide consideration due to its extensive applications. They have exceptional physicochemical properties due to their unique size, shape and size distribution. Methods: Conventionally, nanoparticles were synthesized using physical a Read More

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had infected more than 3.5M people around the world and more than 250K people died in 187 countries by May 2020. The causal agent of this disease is a coronavirus whose onset of symptoms to death range from 6 to 41 days with a median of 14 days. This period is dependent on several factors such as the presence of comorbidities, age and the efficiency of the innate or adaptive imm Read More

Background: Molecular biology tools, such as the detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), have been considered to assist in the management of ovarian stimulation protocols. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of two polymorphisms, the Asn680Ser polymorphism of the FSHR gene, and the FSH β subunit (FSHβ) gene polymorphism -211 G>T, in a Greek population of women undergoi Read More

Background: With the improvements in living standards, height is getting more attention. Malnutrition is one of the main causes of children's short stature; therefore, nutritional intervention in adolescence is the key to prevent short stature. The peptides from Antarctic Krill (AKPs), the ideal protein model, act in bone formation and anti-osteoporosis. However, the studies on promoting longitudinal bone growth by AKPs have Read More

Background: Restoration of blood flow during ischemic stroke leads to Cerebral Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury (CIRI) by activating neuroinflammatory cascades. Pomelo Peel Volatile Oil (PPVO) extracted from Citrus maxima (Burm.) from the genus Rutaceae, comprises some antiinflammatory ingredients, such as limonene and β-myrcene. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the potential effect of PPVO on alleviati Read More

Background: The ability of pathogenic bacteria to survive Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) in various host niches may contribute to their virulence. Polymyxin B is a cationic AMP, and polymyxin drugs are considered to be the "last line of defense" in the clinical treatment of bacterial infections. Objective: The objectives of this study were to comprehensively study the response of Brucella melitensis strain NI to polymyxin B treat Read More

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of pneumonia, mostly in children less than five years and elderly people. Although the Pneumoniae Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPV) and Pneumonia Conjugate Vaccines (PCV) are the efficient pneumococcal vaccine in adults and children, the serotype replacement of S. pneumoniae strains causes the reduction in the efficacy of PPV and PCV vaccines. Epitope-based vaccin Read More

Background: Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by an acute infection of influenza viruses, among which influenza A virus causes seasonal epidemic infections nearly every year. Due to the unpredictability of the evolving influenza A virus and time-consuming vaccine development cycles, novel universal influenza vaccines designed to induce broadly cross-reactive immune responses against frequently Read More

Background: Curcumin is claimed as a potent protectant against Gastric Ulcer (GU) induced by strong necrotizing agents, including NSAIDs through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities. However, it was found to exert opposite effects to either delay ulcer healing or exacerbate ulcer inflammation through some curative mechanisms differently modified by curcumin dosage. Its ability to inhibit the exp Read More

Background: Astaxanthin is a natural active substance with a plurality of biological activities, such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and anti-cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. However, there is less research on the effects of astaxanthin on obesity. Astaxanthin with different structural forms affect the corresponding biological activity. Objective: The study aimed to compare Astaxanthin-octanoic acid diester (C8-AST) an Read More

Background: Several studies have shown that plant saponins promoted osteoblast differentiation and improved osteoporosis. In the current study, Sea Cucumber Saponin (SCS) with a purity of 80% was extracted from Filipino sea cucumber, with a similar structure to plant saponins. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of SCS on bone formation in vitro and ex vivo. Results: SCS significantly promoted osteogenic d Read More

Background: Asthenozoospermia, also known as lack of sperm motility, accounts for about 27.8% of male infertility as a separate factor, and is often associated with abnormal quantity and morphology of spermatozoa. Therefore, oligozoospermia has become one of the most important factors affecting male infertility. Methods: Ursolic Acid (UA), also known as wusu acid, is the main active component isolated from Prunel Read More