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Volume 22, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1570-1794
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6271

Abstract

Background

Previous studies have reported various biological activities of indenopyridazine and thiazole derivatives, including antiviral activity and CoV-19 inhibition. In this paper, the authors aimed to design, synthesize, and characterize a novel series of indenopyridazinethiazoles, starting with 2-(4-cyano-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-9-indeno[2,1-c]pyridazin-9-ylidene)-hydrazine-1-carbothioamide and available laboratory reagents.

Methods

The strategy involved the synthesis of indeno[2,1-c]pyridazincarbothioamide, followed by its reaction with various hydrazonoyl chlorides and α-halocompounds (phenacyl bromides and α-chloroketones) to obtain the desired indenopyridazinethiazole derivatives. The synthesized structures were confirmed using IR, NMR, mass spectra, elemental analysis, and alternative synthesis when possible. Docking scores and poses of thirteen synthesized compounds were examined using AutoDock4.2.6 software against multiple targets of SARS-CoV-2, including 3C-like protease (3CLpro), helicase, receptor binding domain (RBD), papain-like protease (PLpro), neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).

Results

Docking predictions revealed that compound exhibited high potency against 3CLpro and helicase, with docking scores of -10.9 and -10.5 kcal/mol, respectively. Compound showed superior docking scores against RBD and ACE2, with values of -8.7 and -11.8 kcal/mol, respectively. Compounds and demonstrated excellent docking scores against RdRp, PLpro, and NRP-1, with values of -10.3, -10.4, and -8.6 kcal/mol, respectively.

Conclusion

The authors recommend further experimental assessments of compounds and against SARS-CoV-2 multi-targets, considering their promising docking scores.

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Molecular Modeling Studies of Novel Indenopyridazine-thiazole Molecular Hybrids
Curr. Org. Synth. 22, 79 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0115701794266795231129074028
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): docking predictions; indenopyridazine; ninhydrin; oxothiazolidine; SARS-CoV-2 multi-targets; Thiazole

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