Current Neurovascular Research - Volume 6, Issue 2, 2009

Glucose consumption is severely depressed in the ischemic core, whereas it is maintained or even increased in penumbral regions during ischemia. Conversely, glucose utilization is severely reduced early after reperfusion in spite that glucose and oxygen are available. Experimental studies suggest that glucose hypometabolism might be an early predictor of brain infarction. However, the relationship between early glucose h Read More

Bradykinin is one of metabolites produced during myocardial ischemia and infarction that can activate cardiac spinal (sympathetic) sensory neurons to cause chest pain. The aim of this study was 1) to characterize the responses of thoracic superficial and deeper spinal neurons in rats to intrapericardial administration of bradykinin as a noxious cardiac stimulus; 2) to compare neuronal responses to bradykinin alone and a Read More

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) develops when extravasated arterial blood enters subarachnoid space and mixes with cerebrospinal fluid. As a result, many pathologies develop, including arterial vasospasm that leads to the ischemia and hypoxia. Immuno-inflammatory response is considered as the cause of numerous complications following SAH. In the study, we examined the role of one of major cytokines, interle Read More

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDA-Rs) have different modulatory effects on excitatory synaptic transmission depending on the receptor subtypes involved. The present study investigated the subunit composition of the presynaptic NMDA-Rs in layer II/III pyramidal neurons of the rat visual cortex. We recorded evoked a-amino-3-hydroxy- 5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor-mediated excitatory Read More

In preterm infants, neurological signs and clinical manifestations of brain damage are limited criteria for diagnosis of neurologic sequelae. Early indicators of brain damage are needed and currently some specific biochemical markers of brain injury are investigated to assess regional brain damage after perinatal asphyxia in neonates. In this study Protein S-100 (PS-100) and Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) serum levels were Read More

This study assessed the neuroprotective effects of angelica injection in the rat sciatic nerve crush injury (SCI). Forty eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: one was the sham group (S), which received sham surgery and given saline injection and the others were received SCI surgery and given saline injection, high and low dose angelica injection for 4 weeks, respectively. The sciatic functional inde Read More

Acute loss of spinal cord vascularity followed by an endogenous adaptive angiogenic response with concomitant microvascular dysfunction is a hallmark of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Recently, the potent vasoactive factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has received much attention as a putative therapeutic for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders, including SCI. Exogenous VEGF exerts bot Read More

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by multifocal areas of inflammation and demyelination within the central nervous system. The mechanism that triggers the disease remains elusive. However, recent findings may indicate that multiple sclerosis, at its source, could be a hemodynamic disorder. It has been found that multiple sclerosis patients exhibit significant stenoses in extracranial veins draining t Read More