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Current Nutrition & Food Science - Online First
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Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Target and Beneficial Effect in Formononetin
Authors: Hai Xiao, Yuan Nong, Yiqing Huang, Xingyue Qin, Meizhen Liu, Lixiu Qin and Bin YangAvailable online: 01 November 2024More LessIntroductionAlzheimer's Disease (AD), a common neurodegenerative relevance of dementia, is spreading in the world. Hitherto, the pharmacological treatment for AD is prescribed limitedly in clinical application. Recently, it has been found that naturally occurring extracts possess promising anti-neurodegenerative properties, including AD.
MethodOur previous study indicated that formononetin (FMN) exerts the anti-AD benefits based on bioinformatics analysis. However, the experimental validation for bioinformatics findings has not been conducted. In this study, we primarily applied the molecule docking analysis to ascertain the pharmacological targets, including cytochrome P450 19A1 (CYP19A1). Transgenic AD mice were used to validate the bioinformatics findings in vivo experimentally. Molecular docking data showed that FMN acted directly on CYP19A1 target protein with effective binding sites and potent combining affinity/energy.
ResultsMeanwhile, FMN intervention contributed to an increased trend of body weight in transgenic AD mice reduced hippocampal expression of Aβ1-42, and elevated content of CYP19A1. Additionally, FMN intervention showed reduced terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) expression and increased CYP19A1 and Ki67 expressions in hippocampal sections of transgenic AD mice.
ConclusionCollectively, FMN may be used for the prevention of AD, and the pharmacological activities are possibly related to reducing Aβ1-42, and TUNEL expressions to increase Ki67 and CYP19A1 activities.
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Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Fatigue and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Long COVID and its Correlation with Symptom Severity
Authors: Veevarin Charoenporn and Thammanard CharernboonAvailable online: 11 October 2024More LessBackgroundDespite the potential role of vitamin D in the acute phase of COVID-19, studies on its prevalence and association with long COVID severity are limited, leaving the relationship between vitamin D levels and long COVID symptoms unclear.
AimThe objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with fatigue or neuropsychiatric symptoms of long COVID and its correlation with the severity of symptoms.
MethodsA cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted at Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand. The study recruited participants between the ages of 18 and 60 years who had received a diagnosis of COVID-19 and had at least one long COVID symptom, including fatigue or neuropsychiatric symptoms. Vitamin D level was collected, and clinical severity was assessed using the Chalder Fatigue Scale [CFQ-11], Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items [DASS-21], Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI], Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III [ACE], and Trail Making Test A & B [TMT-A and TMT-B].
ResultsA total of 82 patients were recruited; most were female [78%], with a mean age of 34.2 years. Most participants had a vitamin D deficiency [<20 ng/mL, 73.2%], accounting for 23.2% vitamin D insufficiency [20-30 ng/mL], and 3.6% had an adequate vitamin D level. Only gender was associated with vitamin D levels. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the vitamin D level was not correlated with all clinical outcomes, including total CFQ, total DASS, DASS depression, DASS anxiety, total PSQI, total ACE score, and total TMT scores.
ConclusionThe prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was high in patients with long COVID, with female gender serving as predictors of lower vitamin D levels. However, no associations were found between vitamin D level and fatigue syndrome, depression, anxiety, sleep problems, or cognitive function.
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Nutritional Traits of Fatty Acid Composition of Common Carp Fed with Oil Sources
Authors: Raziyeh Delavariyan, Ali Aberoumand, Saeed Ziaei-Nejad and Mehran Javaheri-baboliAvailable online: 03 October 2024More LessBackgroundCyprinus carpio, as a commercial fish in Iran, has an important effect on human health and nutrition.
AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oil sources in the diet on the nutritional value and fatty acid composition of C. carpio fish.
MethodsSoybean oil (SO), palm oil (PO), fish oil (FO), and oil (soybean and palm) (SPO) contained in the carp diet were fed.
ResultsThe quality of fatty acids in the fish fillet from SO and PO was significantly better than the FO diet. Total SFA (saturated fatty acids) in carp fillet fat fed with PO was significantly higher than others (p<0.05). In carp fillets fed with experimental diets, there was a significant difference between monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, high unsaturated fatty acids, and n-3/n-6 fatty acids (p>0.05). The highest amounts of alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid were observed in fish fillets with FO and SO, respectively. Although the percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid in fillets fed with FO and SPO diets was higher than in other treatments, no significant difference in docosahexaenoic acid concentration was observed between all treatments (p<0.05).
ConclusionThe present study showed that oil sources (SO, PO, SPO) fed by C. carpio for 56 days are suitable in terms of productivity and efficiency.
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Beyond Insulin: A Deeper Dive into Pancreatic Disease
Authors: Sumeet Sharma, Prerna Sharma and Nidhi RaniAvailable online: 02 September 2024More LessThere are several different categories into which the etiology of pancreatic disease can be subdivided, including inflammation, neoplasia, endocrine dysfunction, and genetic disorders. A comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of pancreatitis is necessary for the development of appropriate management methods and therapies, as the disorder has a complicated underlying pathophysiology. Complications such as reduced digestive function, the formation of pseudocysts or abscesses, and ongoing pain are likely as the illness develops. The purpose of this review is to act as a knowledge base. This study aims to examine existing approaches to treating diabetes, including both cutting-edge and tried-and-true therapies. Based on the literature review, the authors discussed how pancreatic failure affected higher animals, explored how the pancreatic exocrine function affects adult and adolescent organism development, and gave an overview of all the conditions that directly affect pancreatic health. There was also a discussion of the link between obesity, lifestyle, nutrition, and pancreatic issues.
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