Current Molecular Medicine - Volume 23, Issue 6, 2023

Glaucoma is a common cause of visual loss and irreversible blindness, affecting visual and life quality. Various mechanisms are involved in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis and functional and structural loss in the visual system. The prevalence of glaucoma has increased in several countries. However, its early diagnosis has contributed to prompt attention. Molecular and cellular biological mechanisms are important Read More

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a psychological, biological, or developmental disorder that affects basic mental functioning. AD is generally affiliated with marked discomfort and impaired social, professional, or other crucial aspects of life. AD is predominant worldwide, but a disparity in prevalence is observed amongst nations. Around 3/4 of people with Alzheimer's disease are from underdeveloped nations, which receiv Read More

Late diagnosis, postoperative recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance are the main causes of the high mortality rate in ovarian cancer (OC). Understanding the molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis and progression of OC may contribute to discovering new tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OC. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles derived from different types of cells that carry cargos, including nu Read More

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the prevalent diseases and causes of death in women, and its incidence rate is increasing in numerous developed and developing countries. The common approach to BC therapy is surgery, followed by radiation therapy or chemotherapy, which doesn't lead to acceptable outcomes in many patients. Therefore, developing innovative strategies for treating BC is essential for the most effective the Read More

Background: Uterine ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury often occurs during many complex surgical procedures, such as uterus transplantation, cesarean, and myomectomy, which may lead to the loss of uterine function and failure of the operation. Crocetin (CRO), as one of the major active constituents from saffron extract, shows protective effects against reactive oxygen species, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, the Read More

Background: Verapamil enhances the sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs, promotes the macrophage anti-TB ability, and reduces drug resistance, but its mechanism is unclear. Herein, we have investigated the effect of verapamil on cytokine expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Methods: Macrophages from mice infected with M. tuberculosis or S. aureus were cultured with verapa Read More

Background: Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is the most common cause of potentially preventable death after traumatic injury. Acute liver injury is an important manifestation of HS. Apoptosis plays an important role in liver injury. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) can alleviate liver injury. This study aimed to examine the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on hepatocyte apoptosis in HS and its relationship with the FXR pathway. Read More

Background: Aggressive nature of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with poor prognosis compared with other breast cancer types. Current guidelines recommend the use of Cisplatin for the management of TNBC. However, the development of resistance to cisplatin is the primary cause of chemotherapy failure. Objective: In the present study, we aimed to develop a stable cisplatin-resistant TNBC cell line t Read More

Background: In brain ischemia, dexmedetomidine (DEX) prevents glutamate and norepinephrine changes, increases nerve conduction, and prevents apoptosis, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Objective: This study aimed at examining the protective effect and function of DEX on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCIRI) and whether the effect is mediated by oxidative stress and apoptosis (with the involve Read More

Background: Hydatid cyst (HC) is the larval stage of the canine intestinal tapeworm (cestode), Echinococcus granulosus. In addition to the high global economic cost of livestock farming, the infection can lead to dangerous problems for human health. Therefore, research into new diagnosis and treatment approaches is valuable. This study is set out to explore aptamers that bind to HC antigens. Methods: The similarity betwe Read More