Current Medicinal Chemistry - Volume 24, Issue 27, 2017

Sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) are a relatively new class of insecticides that are represented by two commercially registered compounds, indoxacarb and metaflumizone. SCBIs, like pyrethroids and DDT, target voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) to intoxicate insects. In contrast to pyrethroids, however, SCBIs inhibit VGSCs at a distinct receptor site that overlaps those of therapeutic inhibitors of sodium Read More

Background: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of insects play a key role in fast excitatory neurotransmission. Several classes of insecticides target insect nAChRs, which are composed of subunit members of a family of multiple subunit encoding genes. Alternative splicing and RNA A-to-I editing can add further to receptor diversity. Native and recombinant receptors have been explored as sites of insecticide act Read More

Background: γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors play a central role in fast inhibitory neurotransmission in insects. Several classes of insecticides targeting insect GABA-gated chloride channels have been developed. The important resistant to dieldrin GABA receptor subunit (RDL) has been used to investigate insecticide sites of action using radioligands, electrophysiology and site-directed mutagenesis. Although this importa Read More

Great reductions in malaria mortality have been accomplished in the last 15 years, in part due to the widespread roll-out of insecticide-treated bednets across sub-Saharan Africa. To date, these nets only employ pyrethroids, insecticides that target the voltage-gated sodium ion channel of the malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. Due to the growing emergence of An. gambiae strains that are resistant to pyrethroids, there is Read More

Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria and fungi) or their bioactive agents can be used as active substances and therefore are referred as Microbial Pest Control Agents (MPCA). They are used as alternative strategies to chemical insecticides to counteract the development of resistances and to reduce adverse effects on both environment and human health. These natural entomopathogenic agents, which have specific modes of Read More

The effective control of insect pests is based on the use of insecticides. Most of these compounds act on molecular targets in the insect nervous system. However, the largescale deployment of insecticide treatment has led to the development of resistance, which decreases insecticide efficacy. Although the resistance mechanisms are largely studied today, this review aims to point out new insights on the less-known cell Read More

Background: Human exposure to insecticides raises serious public health concerns worldwide. Insecticides constitute a wide-ranging heterogeneous group of chemicals, most of which target the nervous system and disrupt neurometabolism and/or neurotransmission. Although the acute effects of insecticide poisoning in humans are well documented, the chronic and long-term effects remain difficult to investigate. Objectives and M Read More

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, with an incidence of 3.19 cases per 100,000 person years and remarkably poor prognosis showing a 5-year survival rate of 4-5%, and only a 26-33% survival rate at 2 years in clinical trials. Objective: In this paper, we review the different types of treatment modalities based on the relevant databases. Methods of diagnosis wil Read More