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Bioinformatics Analysis of Lactylation-Related Biomarkers and Potential Pathogenesis Mechanisms in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Chenwei Gui, Yan Gao, Rong Zhang and Guohong ZhouAvailable online: 02 January 2025More LessBackgroundLactylation is increasingly recognized to play a crucial role in human health and diseases. However, its involvement in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains largely unclear.
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify and characterize the pivotal lactylation-related genes and explore their underlying mechanism in AMD.
MethodsGene expression profiles of AMD patients and control individuals were obtained and integrated from the GSE29801 and GSE50195 datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and intersected with lactylation-related genes for lactylation-related DEGs. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify hub genes associated with AMD. Subsequently, the selected hub genes were subject to correlation analysis, and reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of hub genes in AMD patients and healthy control individuals.
ResultsA total of 68 lactylation-related DEGs in AMD were identified, and seven genes, including HMGN2, TOP2B, HNRNPH1, SF3A1, SRRM2, HIST1H1C, and HIST1H2BD were selected as key genes. RT-qPCR analysis validated that all 7 key genes were down-regulated in AMD patients.
ConclusionWe identified seven lactylation-related key genes potentially associated with the progression of AMD, which might deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in AMD and provide clues for the targeted therapy.
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Influenza Virus Genomic Mutations, Host Barrier and Cross-Species Transmission
Authors: Wenyan Xiong and Zongde ZhangAvailable online: 11 October 2024More LessInfluenza is a global epidemic infectious disease that causes a significant number of illnesses and deaths annually. Influenza exhibits high variability and infectivity, constantly jumping from birds to mammals. Genomic mutations of the influenza virus are a central mechanism leading to viral variation and antigenic evolution. These are crucial in facilitating the virus to cross species barriers and cause human infection. This review summarizes the types of genomic mutations in the influenza virus, their roles and mechanisms in crossing species barriers, and analyzes the impact of these mutations on human health.
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Transcriptomic Landscape of Colorectal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma has Similarity with Intestinal Goblet Cell Differentiation
Authors: Jianbo Liu, Siyuan Qiu, Xiaorui Fu, Bin Zhou, Ruijuan Zu, Zhaoying Lv, Yuan Li, Lie Yang and Zongguang ZhouAvailable online: 02 September 2024More LessIntroductionColorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MC) differs from adenocarcinoma (AD) in clinical features and molecular characteristics. The current treatment of colorectal MC is not precise enough, and the molecular characteristics remain unclear. The study aims to explore the difference between colorectal MC and AD on the transcriptome level for the possibility of treating colorectal MC precisely.
MethodsThe data of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was assessed, and then differential analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify the differential hub RNAs between colorectal MC and AD. Differential hub lncRNAs and hub RNA of significant modules were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) among different colon cancer cell lines.
ResultsIn total, 1680 differential expressed RNAs (DERs) were found by comparing colorectal MC (52, 13.3%) with AD (340, 86.7%). Through the WGCNA, a mucin-associated RNA module was identified, while some others might be associated with unique immune progress. Finally, 6 differential hub RNAs in the mucin-associated RNA module (CTD-2589M5.4, RP11-234B24.2, RP11-25K19.1 and COLCA1) were validated by qRT-PCR and showed higher expression levels in mucin-producing colorectal cell lines (Ls174T and HT-29).
ConclusionThis study suggests that clinical treatments for colorectal MC should be differentiated from AD. Further exploration of enterocyte (goblet cell) differentiation with tumor genesis and the distinct immune progression of MC may help to identify key therapeutic targets for colorectal MC. Further research on the application of immunotherapy to colorectal MC is needed.
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