Skip to content
2000
Volume 1, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2666-4844
  • E-ISSN: 2666-4852

Abstract

Background

Cardiomyopathies are a group of diseases of the heart that can lead to heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, and sudden death. They typically manifest as an enlarged heart or a normal heart with microscopic anomalies (fibrosis, inflammation, .). The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence of deaths due to cardiomyopathies of unknown etiology in young subjects in a forensic pathology setting.

Materials and Methods

Deaths due to cardiomyopathy in decedents less than 40 years old evaluated at the Cook County Medical Examiner’s Office in Chicago from January 2013 to June 2018 were studied.

Results

In total, 140 cases of cardiomyopathies were identified in the study period: among these, in 20 cases (14%), no underlying etiology could be found through medical history and autopsy investigation. The demographics and the macroscopic and microscopic findings of these cases are described, highlighting the importance of medical history review and adequate histological sampling of hearts in cases of sudden, unexpected death in children and young adults.

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of medical history review and adequate histological sampling of hearts in cases of sudden, unexpected death in children and young adults to identify possible cardiomyopathies of unknown etiology.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cfs/10.2174/2666484401666220420105059
2023-01-01
2024-11-26
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. HughesS.E. McKennaW.J. New insights into the pathology of inherited cardiomyopathy.Heart200591225726410.1136/hrt.2004.04033715657260
    [Google Scholar]
  2. MaronB.J. ThieneG. Classification of cardiomyopathiesHurst’s the Heart 13e.New York, NYMcGraw Hill2011
    [Google Scholar]
  3. MaronB.J. TowbinJ.A. ThieneG. Contemporary definitions and classification of the cardiomyopathies: An American heart association scientific statement from the council on clinical cardiology, heart failure and transplantation committee; quality of care and outcomes research and functional genomics and translational biology interdisciplinary working groups; and council on epidemiology and prevention.Circulation2006113141807181610.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.17428716567565
    [Google Scholar]
  4. RizzoS. CarturanE. De GaspariM. PilichouK. ThieneG. BassoC. Update on cardiomyopathies and sudden cardiac death.Forensic Sci. Res.20194320221010.1080/20961790.2019.163195731489386
    [Google Scholar]
  5. ThieneG. CorradoD. BassoC. Cardiomyopathies: Is it time for a molecular classification?Eur. Heart J.200425201772177510.1016/j.ehj.2004.07.02615474691
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Pediatric cardiomyopathy.available from: https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/pediatric-cardiomyopathy/ (Accessed on 12.28.2021).
  7. AfzalS. KristensenI.B. Characterization of cardiomyopathy cases at a forensic institute in the period 1992-2006 and perspectives for screening.Forensic Sci. Med. Pathol.20084210811210.1007/s12024‑007‑9022‑819291480
    [Google Scholar]
  8. PapadakisM. RajuH. BehrE.R. Sudden cardiac death with autopsy findings of uncertain significance: Potential for erroneous interpretation.Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol.20136358859610.1161/CIRCEP.113.00011123671135
    [Google Scholar]
  9. RobertsS.E. PryceJ.W. WeberM.A. MaloneM. AshworthM.T. SebireN.J. Clinicopathological features of fatal cardiomyopathy in childhood: An autopsy series.J. Paediatr. Child Health201248867568010.1111/j.1440‑1754.2012.02450.x22515160
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Cardiomyopathy.Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/cardiomyopathy.htm (Accessed on 02.09.2021).
  11. TinL.L. BeeversD.G. LipG.Y. Hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and sudden death.Curr. Cardiol. Rep.20024644945710.1007/s11886‑002‑0105‑612379162
    [Google Scholar]
  12. StevensS.M. ReinierK. ChughS.S. Increased left ventricular mass as a predictor of sudden cardiac death: Is it time to put it to the test?Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol.20136121221710.1161/CIRCEP.112.97493123424223
    [Google Scholar]
  13. HsiaH.H. MarchlinskiF.E. Characterization of the electroanatomic substrate for monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy.Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol.20022571114112710.1046/j.1460‑9592.2002.01114.x12164454
    [Google Scholar]
  14. GrimmW. MaischB. Sudden cardiac death in dilated cardiomyopathy - therapeutic options.Herz200227875075910.1007/s00059‑002‑2425‑012574892
    [Google Scholar]
  15. WettrellG. Dilated cardiomyopathy of unknown cause in young patients: Risk evaluation, possible etiologies, and treatment.Libyan J. Med.20072415715810.3402/ljm.v2i4.472021503233
    [Google Scholar]
  16. CoronelR. BaartscheerA. RademakerJ.M.E. VermeulenJ.T. de BakkerJ.M.T. The Arrhythmogenic Substrate in Ischemic and Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathies.Progress in Catheter Ablation Developments in Cardiovascular MedicineDordrecht.Springer200124110.1007/978‑94‑015‑9791‑3_1
    [Google Scholar]
  17. SamantaR. PouliopoulosJ. ThiagalingamA. KovoorP. Role of adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of cardiac arrhythmias.Heart Rhythm201613131132010.1016/j.hrthm.2015.08.01626277495
    [Google Scholar]
  18. AlpertM.A. Obesity cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology and evolution of the clinical syndrome.Am. J. Med. Sci.2001321422523610.1097/00000441‑200104000‑0000311307864
    [Google Scholar]
  19. PoirierP. CornierM.A. MazzoneT. Bariatric surgery and cardiovascular risk factors: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association.Circulation2011123151683170110.1161/CIR.0b013e318214909921403092
    [Google Scholar]
  20. American Diabetes AssociationStandards of medical care in diabetes-2013.Diabetes Care201336Suppl. 1S11S6610.2337/dc13‑S01123264422
    [Google Scholar]
  21. AlbakriA. Obesity cardiomyopathy: A review of literature on clinical status and meta-analysis of diagnostic and clinical management.Med Clin Arch20182311310.15761/MCA.1000134
    [Google Scholar]
  22. ArbustiniE. NarulaN. TavazziL. The MOGE(S) classification of cardiomyopathy for clinicians.J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.201464330431810.1016/j.jacc.2014.05.02725034069
    [Google Scholar]
  23. MarianA.J. BraunwaldE. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Genetics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy.Circ. Res.2017121774977010.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.31105928912181
    [Google Scholar]
  24. MusunuruK. HershbergerR.E. DayS.M. Genetic testing for inherited cardiovascular diseases: A scientific statement from the american heart association.Circ. Genom. Precis. Med.2020134e00006710.1161/HCG.000000000000006732698598
    [Google Scholar]
  25. HershbergerR.E. GivertzM.M. HoC.Y. Genetic evaluation of cardiomyopathy-a heart failure society of America practice guideline.J. Card. Fail.201824528130210.1016/j.cardfail.2018.03.00429567486
    [Google Scholar]
  26. BassoC. CarturanE. PilichouK. RizzoS. CorradoD. ThieneG. Sudden cardiac death with normal heart: Molecular autopsy.Cardiovasc. Pathol.201019632132510.1016/j.carpath.2010.02.00320381381
    [Google Scholar]
  27. SemsarianC. InglesJ. WildeA.A. Sudden cardiac death in the young: The molecular autopsy and a practical approach to surviving relatives.Eur. Heart J.201536211290129610.1093/eurheartj/ehv06325765769
    [Google Scholar]
  28. ScheiperS. Ramos-LuisE. Blanco-VereaA. Sudden unexpected death in the young - Value of massive parallel sequencing in postmortem genetic analyses.Forensic Sci. Int.2018293707610.1016/j.forsciint.2018.09.03430415094
    [Google Scholar]
  29. SanchezO. CampuzanoO. Fernández-FalguerasA. Natural and undetermined sudden death: Value of post-mortem genetic investigation.PLoS One20161112e016735810.1371/journal.pone.016735827930701
    [Google Scholar]
  30. LarsenM.K. NissenP.H. BergeK.E. Molecular autopsy in young sudden cardiac death victims with suspected cardiomyopathy.Forensic Sci. Int.20122191-3333810.1016/j.forsciint.2011.11.02022177269
    [Google Scholar]
  31. MareyI. FressartV. RambaudC. Clinical impact of post-mortem genetic testing in cardiac death and cardiomyopathy.Open Med. (Wars.)202015143544610.1515/med‑2020‑015033336002
    [Google Scholar]
  32. HertzC.L. ChristiansenS.L. Ferrero-MilianiL. Next-generation sequencing of 100 candidate genes in young victims of suspected sudden cardiac death with structural abnormalities of the heart.Int. J. Legal Med.201613019110210.1007/s00414‑015‑1261‑826383259
    [Google Scholar]
  33. LahrouchiN. RajuH. LodderE.M. The yield of postmortem genetic testing in sudden death cases with structural findings at autopsy.Eur. J. Hum. Genet.2020281172210.1038/s41431‑019‑0500‑831534214
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cfs/10.2174/2666484401666220420105059
Loading
/content/journals/cfs/10.2174/2666484401666220420105059
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test