Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 7, Issue 2, 2011

Interventions for lifestyle modification promoting weight loss and pharmacotherapy interventions for improving insulin sensitivity have been shown to be effective in preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in high risk populations. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at high risk for T2DM, but only two trials have assessed the feasibility of diabetes prevention in this population. We present evi Read More

An adequate supply of nutrients is obligatory for life. Glucose is one of the main circulating substrates fuelling the mammalian body, particularly brain, and is normally maintained within a narrow range to ensure health. Given the challenge of maintaining glucose homeostasis, mammals have evolved specialized sensors for monitoring changes in glucose availability. Glucose sensors are distributed centrally and peripherally. Hyp Read More

Evidence based medicine has changed the manner in which medicine is practiced and learned. Epidemiological studies, meta-analyses and systematic reviews have been used to create algorithms for the treatment of hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Recently, several randomized controlled trials (i.e. ACCORD, ADVANCE, VADT) have generated new and valuable information regarding the benefits and ri Read More

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that continues to present as a major health problem worldwide. It is characterized by absolute or relative deficiencies in insulin secretion and/or insulin action and is associated with chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. Many studies suggest a central role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of this multi-faceted metabolic disorder. Read More

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of glucose levels on admission and High Risk Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia (HRVT) in hospital mortality in patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). Methods: We studied 1.258 consecutive patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit with a diagnosis of AMI. Ventricular Fibrillation, sustained and nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia were considered as HRVT. Assoc Read More

The present review outlines the role of breastfeeding in diabetes. In the mother, breastfeeding has been suggested to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, it appears to reduce the risk of premenopausal breast cancer and ovarian cancer. In the neonate and infant, among other benefits, lactation confers protection from future both type 1 and type 2 di Read More

The review deals with recent findings regarding the association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with diabetes. Indeed recent longitudinal studies have shown that ED is able to predict future cardiovascular events not only in nondiabetic but also in diabetic patients. In addition, in diabetic patients ED seems to be strongly associated with the presence of silent CAD. The mechanism Read More