Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 17, Issue 5, 2021

Background: Numerous studies have shown a significant association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), two pathologies affecting millions of people worldwide. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are two conditions common to these diseases, also affecting the activity of the serpin Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), but a possible common role for this serpin in T2D and AD remains un Read More

It is evident that COVID-19 and diabetes have a significant influence on population health across the world, including the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. COVID-19 patients with diabetes have been observed to be more prone to developing severe infections and higher risk of mortality compared to non-diabetics. As diabetes is one of the major health issues, widely prevalent in the MENA countries, the current r Read More

The circadian rhythms have been controlled with the aid of a circadian clock in the hypothalamus region, which is known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Chronotherapeutics, a branch of pharmacotherapeutics, plays a mandatory role in the treatment of various disorders, such as delivering the drug in the correct schedule, correct site, and correct extent and provides benefit to the patients. The chronopharmacological aspec Read More

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease, and the complications may be life-threatening; however, with proper treatment and control measures, it can be very well-managed. Self-management training and education of diabetes are critical in diabetes care and management. It is essential that patients with diabetes must have a comprehensive understanding of the nature of the disease, risk factors, complications, and possible t Read More

The scarcity of human cadaver islets for transplantation in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has necessitated the search for alternative islet sources. With advancing islet biology research, Islet-Like Clusters (ILCs) derived from stem cells have demonstrated potential for treating DM and in novel drug discovery programs for drug and cytotoxicity testing. In vitro differentiation of ILCs from stem cells also provides an opportun Read More

Background: COVID-19 is a world disaster. The relationship between COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is double-faced because DM is considered one of the COVID-19 key risk factors causing an increase in COVID-19 related conditions and death rates; at the same time, high stress in patients with COVID-19 can lead to the occurrence of DM. This relationship adversely affects immune functions. Relaxation techniques Read More

Glucolipotoxicity-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells are some of the mechanisms that have been related to the low insulin secretion and cell death during diabetes development. In early or non-chronic stages, the pancreatic β-cells respond to hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia, stimulating insulin secretion. However, the chronic effect of both leads to glucolipotoxicity, which indu Read More

Background: Painful Diabetic Neuropathy (PDN) is a devastating condition affecting one in three people with diabetes. Introduction: Keeping in mind the unceasingly escalating prevalence of diabetes mellitus worldwide, the number of PDN patients is also expected to rise with a reduced quality of life in patients and a staggering increase in healthcare costs. Despite relentless efforts and continuous research, the commercially avail Read More

Introduction: Hepatic steatosis is a frequent condition that afflicts, especially, obese and insulin-resistant patients. Diagnosis is usually made through imaging tests. Despite the high prevalence and risk of complications, there is no specific treatment approved, though a vast number of medications have been tested. Objective: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (i DPP- IV) in the treatment Read More

Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are susceptible to balance, gait and cognitive impairments. Importantly, diabetes affects executive function, a set of cognitive processes critical to everyday cortical function and mobility. Reduced executive function is a risk factor for falls in people with DM. Dual-task testing, the completion of two tasks at once, enables the examination of the cognitive-mobility relation Read More

Introduction: A recent CDC report estimates that only 17.2% people with diabetes receive insulin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of patients with diabetes and their caregivers towards sharps waste disposal at home. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to July 2019 at the two main diabetes specialist centers in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Data collected using an Read More

Background: According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) hospitalization rates have been steadily increasing. Due to the increasing incidence and the economic impact associated with its morbidity and treatment, effective management is key. We aimed to streamline the management of DKA in our intensive care units (ICU) by implementing a Best-Practice Advisory (BPA) that notifi Read More

Background: Type 2 diabetic patients often require insulin therapy for better glycaemic control. However, many of these patients do not receive insulin or do not receive it in a timely manner. Objective: The study was planned to assess the proportion of type 2 diabetic patients attaining treatment goals as per the ADA 2018 guidelines. In addition, patient’s perception of insulin therapy was assessed and compared betwee Read More