Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 17, Issue 1, 2021

Background: Diabetic neuropathies (DN) are the most common complications in diabetic patients, affecting about 70% of them. Patients with DN may lose sensation in certain areas of the body, facilitating the onset of foot ulcers, as well as chronic pain. This is due to the progressive degeneration of nerve fibers, demyelination, and axonopathy. Recent studies about stem cell therapies for the treatment of DN show pr Read More

Background: China, as the largest developing country in the world, has experienced rapid economic development during the past decades. As a side effect of the rapid growth of Chinese economy, air pollution in the form of haze is harmful to human health. Introduction: China is also one of the countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes in Asia and has the largest burden of diabetes in the world. Recent evidence sugge Read More

Different dysglycemic states precede overt type 2 diabetes. Prediabetic dysglycemia also carries an increased cardiovascular risk per se. Prediabetic dysglycemia may be divided into impaired fasting glycemia, impaired glucose tolerance and intermediate hyperglycemia. Mixed forms of these are very common. Dysglycemia develops insidiously for many years and usually produces no symptoms until very late. It is poss Read More

Background: Human regular insulin 500 (U-500) is 5 five times more concentrated than the traditional regular human insulin (U-100). Thus, every 1 ml of U-500 contains 500 units of insulin as opposed to 100 units/ml with most types of insulin. Methods: Review of all the relevant clinical studies related to insulin U-500 until February 12, 2020. Results: Insulin U-500 is indicated in patients with type 2 diabetes who require more tha Read More

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease which leads to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, thereby causing insufficient insulin production. Globally, around 98, 200 children and adolescents below 15 years of age and almost 128,900 subjects below 20 years of age develop T1DM annually, along with severe complications deteriorating their quality of life. In India alone, around 15,900 incident cases below 15 Read More

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease that starts early in life and often leads to micro- and macrovascular complications. The incidence of the disease is lower than that of type 2 DM and varies in different countries and ethnic groups, and the etiological and pathogenetic factors are different from T2DM. The aim of this overview is to investigate the effect of T1DM on all-cause mortality and CVD morbidity Read More

Introduction: The effectiveness of the treatment has long been significant in diabetes and its complications, especially in developing countries. Prolonged hospitalization and repeated surgery should be avoided due to clinical and economic reasons. Wound breakdowns or necrosis can occur after amputation procedures, and subsequently will require reamputation. This study analyzed susceptibility factors in diabetic foot patie Read More

Background: Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) plays an important role in human metabolism and some of its metabolic actions are mediated by a positive “cross-talk” with Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells (NFAT) and the key metabolic transcriptional coregulator Transcriptional Intermediary Factor 2 (TIF2). Introduction: Our study is an “in situ” morphological evaluation of the communication between ERβ, NFAT and TIF2 in morbid obe Read More

Background: Vitamin D is increasingly investigated as having a role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and its cardiovascular and renal complications. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and biomarkers of cardiovascular and renal complications, including cystatin-C. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 117 participants with T2DM that was not com Read More

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been associated with deficiencies in serum magnesium level, decreasing insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac) is a biomarker of glucose values within the half-life of the erythrocyte, that is, 3 months. Low circulating and intracellular magnesium levels can modify glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Renal solute management is a para Read More

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic condition affecting millions of people globally. The focus of our future health care providers should not lie primarily on increasing the “quantity” of life but also on improving the Quality of Life of the patient. There is a serious lack of awareness and adherence regarding self-care for Diabetes in countries like India. Objectives: To determine the Quality of Life and self-ca Read More