Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 17, Issue 3, 2021

Background: Chronic hyperglycemia and related complications involving peripheral nerves in diabetes are one of the most severe microvascular complications with an average prevalence of 50–60%. Diabetic neuropathy is among the vascular disorders of diabetes, the most debilitating and crippled, lethal condition impacting patients’s quality of life. Methods: In the present review article, several hypotheses associated with t Read More

Background: Obesity resulted by imbalance between the intake of energy and energy consumption can lead to growth and metabolic disease development in people. Both in obese men and animal models, several studies indicate that obesity leads to male infertility. Objective: This review has discussed some mechanisms involved in obesity-induced male infertility. Methods: Online documents were searched through Scienc Read More

Background: Health information technology helps patients to take better care of themselves and improves health status of patients with chronic diseases, such as diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to identify factors influencing the use of health information technology in diabetes management. Methods: This was a review study conducted in 2019. To obtain the related articles, databases, including Scopus, Web of S Read More

Background: The major cardiovascular outcome trials on glucagon-like peptide one-receptor agonists have examined its effect on hospitalization of subjects with heart failure; however, very limited trials have been conducted on subjects with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (r- LVEF) as a primary outcome. Objective: We have conducted a systematic review of two major (FIGHT and LIVE) placebo-controlled trials of liragluti Read More

Background: When considering the administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, or metformin, it is important to understand their weight loss effect as well as the degree of muscle loss caused by each drug in clinical practice. Objective: To comparatively examine the effects of GLP-1RAs and oral antidiabetic drugs, including SGLT2 inhibitors and metfor Read More

Background: Many people are still getting affected by uncontrolled glycemic events during hospital admission, which encompasses hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and high glycemic variability. Introduction: Primary studies have shown an association of glycemic dysregulation with increased length of hospital stay and mortality among overall patients, however, there is no systematic review of current evidence on the associati Read More

Background: Poorly managed diabetes mellitus increases health care expenditures and negatively impacts health outcomes. There are 34 million people living with diabetes in the United States with a direct annual medical cost of $237 billion. The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) was introduced to transform primary care by offering team-based care that is accessible, coordinated, and comprehensive. Although the PC Read More

Background: Peripheral neuropathy is a major and chronic complication of diabetes mellitus affecting more than 50% patients suffering from diabetes. There is the involvement of both large and small diameter nerve fibres leading to altered somatosensory and motor sensations, thereby causing impaired balance and postural instability. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the effects of exercises on posture and bal Read More

Objective: This study focused to systematically extract, summarize and analyse the data on the effect of lifestyle modification on leptin resistance and quality of life in metabolic syndrome. Methods: The systematic search was done using PubMed, Cochrane Database, EMBASE, Science Direct, CINAHL, Springer link, Web of Science from 2000-2018. English language articles and quantitative studies focusing on leptin resistance a Read More

Background: To investigate the effects of probiotics on glucose metabolism and body mass index (BMI), and compare the efficacy of probiotic food with the probiotic supplement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Methods: Online databases Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched until November 2019 to identify eligible articles. Fourteen trials were in Read More

Background: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is the gold standard measurement in the screening, diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus. Saudi Arabia has a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus that is expected to rise, and the HbA1c test is commonly used in the screening, diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes. Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of age and gender on HbA1c levels, and the influence of me Read More

Objective: Radiographic imaging is an important diagnostic tool in diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO). It is unknown whether DFO cases diagnosed with conventional X-ray versus positive Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) differ regarding epidemiology and treatment outcome. Theoretically, signs of inflammation on MRI without bone lesions might be easier to treat. Methods: Our clinical pathway for diabetic foot infections dis Read More

Background: Vitamin D (VD) deficiency has been related to several endocrine metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The effect of VD supplementation on blood pressure (BP) in patients with diabetes is controversial. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate high-dose vitamin D supplementation effects on blood pressure of normotensive patients with diabetes mellitus 1 (DM1) patients by 24-hour ambul Read More

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease because of the accelerated process of atherosclerosis. Obesity is an established risk factor and has gained immense importance in recent studies as an important risk factor for clinical cardiovascular disease, yet the fundamental component stays unclear. Calf circumference is another form for lean mass and peripheral subcutaneous fat and is Read More