Effect of Supervised Exercise Program on Individuals in Peripheral Arterial Disease with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Systematic Review

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is usually accompanied by various micro and macro vascular complications. Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is one of the major complications of diabetes which is accountable for morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The first line of treatment in these individuals is life style modification and exercise. There is a dearth of literature on effect of supervised exercise program in PAD with T2DM on quality of life, walking impairment, change in Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) values. So, we conducted a systematic review to explore the available literature on supervised exercise program in PAD with T2DM. Methods: We conducted a systematic review (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane) to summarise the evidence on a supervised exercise program in PAD with T2DM. Randomised and nonrandomised studies were included in the review. Results: Three studies met the inclusion criteria. The outcomes taken into accounts by the studies were the quality of life, walking impairment questionnaire, Ankle brachial index. Neither of the studies matched in their supervised exercise program nor in their outcome. Conclusion: In conclusion, the data evaluating the supervised exercise program in PAD with T2DM is inadequate to determine its effect on this population. Future large-scale studies can be conducted on both subjective and objective outcomes of PAD with T2DM to have a better understanding of the condition and for a universally acceptable exercise program for these individuals which the healthcare practitioners can use in their practice. Prospero registration number: CRD42018112465.