Current Drug Metabolism - Volume 2, Issue 1, 2001

The activation of molecular oxygen by Cytochromes P450 to the ultimate mono-oxygen oxidant species involves three distinct dioxygen species coordinated to the heme iron. These intermediates have different chemical properties, and have recently been proposed to participate in some Cytochrome P450- catalyzed oxidation reactions. This article reviews the extent of our current knowledge on the roles proposed for the Read More

The most common drug-drug interactions may be understood in terms of alterations of metabolism, associated primarily with changes in the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Kinetic parameters such as K m , V max , K i and K a , which describe metabolism-based drug interactions, are usually determined by appropriate kinetic models and may be used to predict the pharmacokinetic consequences of ex Read More

Molecules exist as three dimensional structures. Therefore they can exist in symmetrical and asymmetrical forms. Molecules with an asymmetric centre are chiral. If the molecule and its mirror image are non-superimposable, the relationship between the two molecules is enantiomeric and the two stereoisomers are enantiomers. Since enantiomers have very similar or identical physicochemical properties, it is very difficult t Read More

There is usually considerable variability in anticancer drug plasma levels when delivered at high doses requiring stem-cell support. Given their narrow therapeutic windows and wide interpatient pharmacokinetic variability, drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic-directed dosing represent an attractive strategy in this setting. A major previous requirement to successful application of therapeutic drug monitoring is identification Read More

Bestatin, an antibiotic of microbial origin, is a potent inhibitor of some, but not all aminopeptidases. It can be administered, with low toxicity, to cultured cells, intact animals and humans. It has become a useful tool in elucidating the physiological role of some mammalian exopeptidases in the regulation of the immune system, in the growth of tumors and their invasion of surrounding tissues, and in the degradation of cellula Read More