Current Cardiology Reviews - Volume 19, Issue 1, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been demonstrated as a major risk factor in inducing coronary stent thrombosis due to its propensity to create a pro-thrombotic state. This review explores the mechanisms that may contribute to the increased thrombosis risk seen in COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss the patient and haematological factors that predispose to an increased risk Read More

The laboratory methods for the determination of cardiac troponins (cTnI, cTnT) used nowadays are extremely diverse, which has a significant impact on our understanding of the biology and diagnostic the value of cTnI and cTnT as biomarkers. The main classification of methods for the determination of cTnI and cTnT is based on the sensitivity of the immunoassay. Low- and moderately sensitive detection methods are kn Read More

Aortic valve insufficiency (AI) describes the pathology of blood leaking through the aortic valve to the left ventricle during diastole and is classified as mild, moderate or severe according to the volume of regurgitating blood. Intervention is required in severe AI when the patient is symptomatic or when the left ventricular function is impaired. Aortic valve replacement has been considered the gold standard for decades for these Read More

Background: Coronary bifurcation stenting constitutes 20% of all PCI performed. Given the extensive prevalence of bifurcation lesions, various techniques have sought to optimally stent the bifurcation to improve revascularization while also decreasing rates of stent thrombosis and lesion recurrence. Advanced techniques, such as planned two-stent approaches, have been shown to have improved outcomes but also requir Read More

The acute coronary syndrome is one of the commonest life-threatening illnesses. It encompasses the clinical spectrum of acute myocardial ischemia and includes unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction both with and without ST segment elevation. The acute coronary syndrome can be attributed to a significant hemodynamic insult that leads to atherosclerosis of the epicardial coronary arteries. The main causativ Read More

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in treating highly refractory and relapsing hematological malignancies in pediatric and adult patients. However, this promising therapy is limited by severe and potentially life-threatening toxicities. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is the most commonly observed of these toxicities. The cardiovascular manifestations of CRS include tachycardi Read More

Background: There is a significant increase in morbidity and mortality in patients complicated by major bleeding following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). It has become more challenging to manage such complications when the patient needs to be on anticoagulation or antiplatelet agent post-procedure to prevent thrombotic/embolic complications. Methods: We systematically reviewed all available rando Read More

Introduction: COVID-19 is often seen presenting with a myriad of signs and symptoms of multiorgan dysfunction including arterial dissection. Methods: Various theories have been proposed such as endothelial dysfunction triggered by hyperinflammatory response that results in rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent dissection. Results: However, the exact incidence is unknown and only case reports and case seri Read More

Purpose: This review aims to summarize and evaluate the most accurate machinelearning algorithm used to predict ischemic heart disease. Methods: This systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was carried out using multiple databases such as Science Direct, PubMed\ MEDLINE, CINAHL, and IEEE explore. Results: Thirteen articles published between 2017 to 2021 were eli Read More

Background: The development of atrioventricular bioprosthesis has witnessed an increasing drive toward clinical translation over the last few decades. A significant challenge in the clinical translation of an atrioventricular bioprosthesis from bench to bedside is the appropriate choice of a large animal model to test the safety and effectiveness of the device. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of pre-clinical in vivo Read More

Background: We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of existing gender differences in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), with respect to treatment delays, invasive management of ACS, and short and long-term mortality in patients with ACS. Methods: We defined 37 observational studies (OSs) and 21 randomized trials (RCTs) that best corresponded to our interests. OSs and RCTs were analyzed separately. Results: Read More

Patients with posterior circulation ischemia due to vertebral artery stenosis account for 20 to 25% of ischemic strokes and have an increased risk of recurrent stroke. In patients treated with medical therapy alone, the risk of recurrence is particularly increased in the first few weeks after symptoms occur, with an annual stroke rate of 10 to 15%. Additionally, obstructive disease of the vertebrobasilar system carries a wors Read More