Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening - Volume 7, Issue 6, 2004

The post-genomic era heralds a multitude of challenges for chemists and biologists alike, with the study of protein functions at the heart of much research. The elucidation of protein structure, localization, stability, post-translational modifications and protein interactions will steadily unveil the role of each protein and its associated biological function in the cell. The push to develop new technologies has necessitated the integrat Read More

Profiling of gene expression patterns with microarray technology is widely used in both basic and applied research. DNA microarrays have also shown great promise in clinical medicine and are paving the way toward effective pharmaceutical drug discovery and individualized drug regimens. With growing utilization of this high-throughput technology, new applications are making headlines on a regular basis. This review aims t Read More

Functional protein microarrays promise new approaches to address longstanding challenges in drug discovery and development, with applications ranging from target identification to clinical trial design. However, their widespread adoption will be contingent upon a robust ability to develop and manufacture arrays in support of these applications. This review will address the major areas of relevance to the development of functi Read More

Peptide array is a rapidly growing tool that provides both large-scale and high-throughput capabilities for protein detection and activity studies. Materials presented in this review will examine the recent advances in the field of peptide microarray with special emphasis on the generation and applications of high-density arrays of peptides on glass slides.

The field of Small Molecule Microarray's (SMM's) is an ever-expanding part of the larger microarray field. SMM's are array based detection systems that use small molecules as probes immobilized on a variety of microarray surfaces that are screened against a number of targets for purposes including, but not limited to, protein-small molecule ligand recognition and protein function profiling. This review covers the recent adva Read More

Carbohydrates, as components of glycoproteins, glycolipids and proteoglycans, play an important biological role as recognition markers through carbohydrate-protein interactions. For the most part, biophysical and biochemical methods have been used to analyze these biomolecular interactions. In contrast, less attention has been given to the development of high-throughput procedures to elucidate carbohydrateprot Read More

Tissue microarrays (TMAs) are means of combining tens to hundreds of specimens of tissue onto a single slide for analysis at one time. TMAs are most frequently constructed from paraffin embedded tissue; however, they can be constructed from frozen tissue. The construction of TMAs is flexible, meeting the focused needs of the investigator. A TMA slide can be processed like an ordinary tissue section, and used for histoc Read More

Chromosome analysis has been a cornerstone both for the identification of genetic defects that predispose to a variety of genetic syndromes as well as for the analysis of cancer progression. The relatively low resolution of metaphase chromosomes, however, only allows characterization of major genetic events which are defined at the megabase level. The development of the human genome-wide bacterial artificial chromo Read More

We review various advancements in small molecule probes, intein-based labeling methods, and the incorporation of synthetic amino acids into proteins for live cell imaging experiments. Finally, recent developments in quantum dots-based labeling are briefly reviewed.

Shao Q. Yao graduated with a bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio (USA) in 1993. He obtained his PhD in organic & bioorganic chemistry from Purdue University, USA in 1998 with Professor Jean Chmielewski. He conducted his post-doctoral research in the fields of bioorganic chemistry, functional genomics & molecular biology first at the University of California at Berkeley, USA, then at t Read More