The Methods of Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Bacteria as Biological Nanofactories, their Mechanisms and Major Applications

Due to the environmental risks and hazards associated with the chemical production of nanoparticle, there is a growing need to develop nontoxic and environmentally friendly procedures for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Biological systems especially bacteria, due to their high growth rate, are a unique candidate to achieve this goal. In this article we have reviewed the recent developments in the field of inorganic nanoparticles’ synthesis including the most important metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles and spore gost, because therir importance in the production of inorganic nanoparticles, their mechanisms and major applications. Finally, we will discuss the different methods used for the synthesis of nanoparticles and therefore, a new vision of bionanomaterial science will open in this topic.