A Critical Review on Phytosomes: Advancement and Research on Emerging Nanotechnological Tools

The limiting restrictions for any chemical to pass through cellular membranes and be absorbed systematically after oral or topical administration are the molecular size and lipid solubility. Herbal materials are used to make Phytosomes, a new drug delivery method that is easy to make and has a high absorption profile. The pharmacological profile of the drug is also excellent. Due to low lipid solubility and insufficient molecular size, many plant extracts are unable to attain the needed therapeutic value. To penetrate lipid membranes and shield them from germs and digestive enzymes, phytosomes are made utilising phospholipids, predominantly phosphatidylcholine, which has improved bioavailability. A comprehensive literature search of PUBMED, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS and MEDLINE databases yielded the following results: the production procedure, commercial formulations, and medicinal uses are all documented. Phytosomal preparation and drug release behaviour, as well as their applications, are discussed in this review. We have included new information on phytosomal research advancements. The phyto-phospholipid complexes also came up for discussion. To administer powerful and/or unstable medications, the phytosomal drug delivery method may be extremely successful due to the enhanced bioavailability and ease of absorption. According to the findings of this study, the researchers are encouraged to transmit their expertise from labs to the marketplace to further improve these items.