Skip to content
2000
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Current Aging Science
  4. Volume 18, Issue 1
  5. Article
Volume 18, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1874-6098
  • E-ISSN: 1874-6128

Abstract

 Aims and Objective

This study aimed to compare and determine the correlation of BMI on physical health, including muscle strength, balance, and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults without sedentary behavior.

Methods

A total of 65 older adults without sedentary behavior were recruited and divided into 3 groups on the basis of body mass index (BMI): normal weight (= 22/group), overweight (= 22/group), and obese (= 21/group). All the older adults were evaluated for upper limb muscle strength using the handgrip strength test, lower limb muscle strength using the sit-to-stand (STS10) test, balance ability using the time up and go (TUG) test, and cardiorespiratory fitness using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT).

Results

The handgrip strength test, STS10 test, and distance of 6MWT showed no difference among the groups ( 0.05). However, overweight group had a significantly longer duration for the TUG test when compared to normal weight, while obese group had a significantly longer duration for the TUG test when compared with overweight and normal weight groups ( 0.01). In addition, BMI was positively correlated with the duration of the TUG test. Whereas, the handgrip strength test, STS10 test, and distance of 6MWT were not correlated with BMI.

Conclusion

The BMI does not impact upper and lower limb muscle strength or the cardiorespiratory fitness test, except for the ability to balance in older adults without sedentary behavior.

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cas/10.2174/0118746098294790240510063241
2024-05-21
2025-03-28

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/cas/10.2174/0118746098294790240510063241
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. RudnickaE. NapierałaP. PodfigurnaA. MęczekalskiB. SmolarczykR. GrymowiczM. The World Health Organization (WHO) approach to healthy ageing.Maturitas202013961110.1016/j.maturitas.2020.05.01832747042
     [Google Scholar]
  2. ShinH. PantonL.B. DuttonG.R. IlichJ.Z. Relationship of physical performance with body composition and bone mineral density in individuals over 60 years of age: A systematic review.J. Aging Res.2011201111410.4061/2011/19189621318048
     [Google Scholar]
  3. MikkolaT.M. von BonsdorffM.B. SalonenM.K. SimonenM. PohjolainenP. OsmondC. PeräläM.M. RantanenT. KajantieE. ErikssonJ.G. Body composition as a predictor of physical performance in older age: A ten-year follow-up of the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study.Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr.20187716316810.1016/j.archger.2018.05.00929783137
     [Google Scholar]
  4. PedrosaR. HolandaG. Correlation between the walk, 2-minute step and TUG tests among hypertensive older women.Braz. J. Phys. Ther.20091325225610.1590/S1413‑35552009005000030
     [Google Scholar]
  5. AmputP. WongphonS. Impacts of surgical mask wearing on cardiopulmonary fitness using a six-minute walk test among older adults with hypertension.Can. J. Respir. Ther.20225818719010.29390/cjrt‑2022‑04536506637
     [Google Scholar]
  6. den OudenM.E.M. SchuurmansM.J. ArtsI.E.M.A. van der SchouwY.T. Physical performance characteristics related to disability in older persons: A systematic review.Maturitas201169320821910.1016/j.maturitas.2011.04.00821596497
     [Google Scholar]
  7. StenholmS. HärkänenT. SainioP. HeliövaaraM. KoskinenS. Long-term changes in handgrip strength in men and women--accounting the effect of right censoring due to death.J. Gerontol.: Series A201267101068107410.1093/gerona/gls06422421705
     [Google Scholar]
  8. XuQ. OuX. LiJ. The risk of falls among the aging population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Front. Public Health20221090259910.3389/fpubh.2022.90259936324472
     [Google Scholar]
  9. VeroneseN. De RuiM. ToffanelloE.D. De RonchI. PerissinottoE. BolzettaF. D’AvanzoB. CardinF. CoinA. ManzatoE. SergiG. Body mass index as a predictor of all-cause mortality in nursing home residents during a 5-year follow-up.J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc.2013141535710.1016/j.jamda.2012.09.01423141123
     [Google Scholar]
  10. WooJ. LeungJ. KwokT. BMI, body composition, and physical functioning in older adults.Obesity20071571886189410.1038/oby.2007.22317636108
     [Google Scholar]
  11. BarbosaM.H. BolinaA.F. LuizR.B. de OliveiraK.F. VirtuosoJ.S.Jr RodriguesR.A.P. SilvaL.C. da CunhaD.F. De MattiaA.L. BarichelloE. Body mass index as discriminator of the lean mass deficit and excess body fat in institutionalized elderly people.Geriatr. Nurs.201536320220610.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.02.00125771958
     [Google Scholar]
  12. PeraltaM. RamosM. LipertA. MartinsJ. MarquesA. Prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity in older adults from 10 European countries from 2005 to 2013.Scand. J. Public Health201846552252910.1177/140349481876481029569525
     [Google Scholar]
  13. TernentS.R. Al SnihS. Obesity in older adults: Epidemiology and implications for disability and disease.Rev. Clin. Gerontol.2012221103410.1017/S095925981100019022345902
     [Google Scholar]
  14. VisserM. HarrisT.B. LangloisJ. HannanM.T. RoubenoffR. FelsonD.T. WilsonP.W.F. KielD.P. Body fat and skeletal muscle mass in relation to physical disability in very old men and women of the Framingham Heart Study.J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.199853A3M214M22110.1093/gerona/53A.3.M2149597054
     [Google Scholar]
  15. SergiG. PerissinottoE. ToffanelloE.D. MaggiS. ManzatoE. BujaA. CoinA. FrigoA.C. InelmenE.M. EnziG. Lower extremity motor performance and body mass index in elderly people: The Italian longitudinal study on aging.J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.200755122023202910.1111/j.1532‑5415.2007.01460.x18028341
     [Google Scholar]
  16. FerreiraR.S. da CoqueiroS.R. BarbosaA.R. PinheiroP.A. FernandesM.H. Relationship between BMI and physical performance among older adults.Geriatr. Nurs.201334646546810.1016/j.gerinurse.2013.07.01323993659
     [Google Scholar]
  17. HardyR. CooperR. SayerA.A. ShlomoB.Y. CooperC. DearyI.J. DemakakosP. GallacherJ. MartinR.M. McNeillG. StarrJ.M. SteptoeA. SyddallH. KuhD. Body mass index, muscle strength and physical performance in older adults from eight cohort studies: The HALCyon programme.PLoS One201382e5648310.1371/journal.pone.005648323437142
     [Google Scholar]
  18. GüntherC.M. BürgerA. RickertM. CrispinA. SchulzC.U. Grip strength in healthy caucasian adults: Reference values.J. Hand Surg. Am.200833455856510.1016/j.jhsa.2008.01.00818406961
     [Google Scholar]
  19. van LummelR. EversJ. NiessenM. BeekP. van DieënJ. Older adults with weaker muscle strength stand up from a sitting position with more dynamic trunk use.Sensors2018184123510.3390/s1804123529673204
     [Google Scholar]
  20. ScuccatoR. Falls in the elderly.Recenti Prog. Med.2018109740140430087505
     [Google Scholar]
  21. CohenA. BakerJ. ArdernC.I. Association between body mass index, physical activity, and health-related quality of life in canadian adults.J. Aging Phys. Act.2016241323810.1123/japa.2014‑016925700371
     [Google Scholar]
  22. HuangC. NiuK. MommaH. KobayashiY. GuanL. ChujoM. OtomoA. CuiY. NagatomiR. Breakfast consumption frequency is associated with grip strength in a population of healthy Japanese adults.Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis.201424664865510.1016/j.numecd.2013.12.01324598601
     [Google Scholar]
  23. MainousA.G.III TannerR.J. RahmanianK.P. JoA. CarekP.J. Effect of sedentary lifestyle on cardiovascular disease risk among healthy adults with body mass indexes 18.5 to 29.9 kg/m2.Am. J. Cardiol.2019123576476810.1016/j.amjcard.2018.11.04330554650
     [Google Scholar]
  24. SiqueiraV.A. SebastiãoE. CamicC.L. Higher body mass index values do not impact physical function and lower-extremity muscle strength performance in active older individuals.Int J Exerc Sci.202215333034036895437
     [Google Scholar]
  25. OrtíS.E. OlmosM.F.J. Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores for sit-to-stand-to-sit tests, the six-minute walk test, the one-leg heel-rise test, and handgrip strength in people undergoing hemodialysis.Phys. Ther.20119181244125210.2522/ptj.2010014121719637
     [Google Scholar]
  26. BohannonRW Reference values for the timed up and go test: A descriptive meta-analysis.J. Geriatr. Phys. Ther.20062926468
     [Google Scholar]
  27. ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function LaboratoriesATS Statement.Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.2002166111111710.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at110212091180
     [Google Scholar]
  28. SunF. HeQ. SunX. WangJ. The association between body mass index and muscular fitness in chinese college freshmen.Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health202219211406010.3390/ijerph19211406036360937
     [Google Scholar]
  29. LiaoK. Hand grip strength in low, medium, and high body mass index males and females.Middle East J Rehabil Health Stud.201631e53229
     [Google Scholar]
  30. YasufukuY Correlations between physical performance and muscle mass, strength, and quality in obese and normal-weight community-dwelling older Japanese women.Asian J Gerontol Geriatr20201511722
     [Google Scholar]
  31. CooperR. TomlinsonD. HamerM. PereiraP.S.M. Lifetime body mass index and grip strength at age 46 years: The 1970 British Cohort Study.J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle20221341995200410.1002/jcsm.1299235591799
     [Google Scholar]
  32. HainerV ToplakH StichV Fat or fit: What is more important?Diabetes Care.200932S2S392S39710.2337/dc09‑S346
     [Google Scholar]
  33. RajabiH. SabouriM. HatamiE. Associations between physical activity levels with nutritional status, physical fitness and biochemical indicators in older adults.Clin. Nutr. ESPEN20214538939810.1016/j.clnesp.2021.07.01434620345
     [Google Scholar]
  34. CarralCJM AyánC SturzingerL GonzalezG Relationships between body mass index and static and dynamic balance in active and inactive older adults.J. Geriatr. Phys. Ther.2019424E85e90
     [Google Scholar]
  35. LeeJ.J. HongD.W. LeeS.A. SohY. YangM. ChoiK.M. WonC.W. ChonJ. Relationship between obesity and balance in the community-dwelling elderly population.Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil.2020991657010.1097/PHM.000000000000129231464747
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Aydogan AslanS. SertelM. SahanT.Y. KurtogluF. The effects of age and body mass index on flexibility and balance performance.Turk J Physiother Rehab20172811218
     [Google Scholar]
  37. WatersD.L. QuallsC.R. CesariM. RollandY. VlietstraL. VellasB. Relationship of incident falls with balance deficits and body composition in male and female community-dwelling elders.J. Nutr. Health Aging201923191310.1007/s12603‑018‑1087‑430569062
     [Google Scholar]
  38. MinematsuA. HazakiK. HaranoA. OkamotoN. KurumataniN. Differences in physical function by body mass index in elderly Japanese individuals: The Fujiwara-kyo Study.Obes. Res. Clin. Pract.2016101414810.1016/j.orcp.2015.05.00926072292
     [Google Scholar]
  39. KuP.X. OsmanA.N.A. YusofA. Wan AbasW.A.B. Biomechanical evaluation of the relationship between postural control and body mass index.J. Biomech.20124591638164210.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.03.02922507349
     [Google Scholar]
  40. KoS. StenholmS. FerrucciL. Characteristic gait patterns in older adults with obesity—Results from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.J. Biomech.20104361104111010.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.12.00420080238
     [Google Scholar]
  41. MarcusR.L. AddisonO. LaStayoP.C. Intramuscular adipose tissue attenuates gains in muscle quality in older adults at high risk for falling. A brief report.J. Nutr. Health Aging201317321521810.1007/s12603‑012‑0377‑523459972
     [Google Scholar]
  42. HanifahH. PratiwiY.S. PanjdiT.D.J.A.M.J. Six-minutes walk test characteristics in geriatric outpatient clinic at Dr.RSHS.201964181185
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cas/10.2174/0118746098294790240510063241
Loading
The Different Body Mass Index Does Not Impact Physical Health in Older Adults without Sedentary Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study
Curr Aging Sci 18, 39 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098294790240510063241
/content/journals/cas/10.2174/0118746098294790240510063241
/content/journals/cas/10.2174/0118746098294790240510063241
Loading

Data & Media loading...


  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): balance; Body mass index; muscle strength; older adult; physical performance; sedentary behavior

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test