Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials - Volume 7, Issue 2, 2012

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and debilitating neurological disease characterized by multifocal areas of inflammation, demyelination and neurodegeneration within the brain and spinal cord. At its core MS is still a big enigma and it seems that there is clearly a gap in our knowledge about this disease [1,2]. It is hoped that the discovery of venous lesions associated with MS, the so-called chronic cerebrospinal venous i Read More

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a syndrome recently described in multiple sclerosis patients. It is characterized by abnormal venous hemodynamics resulting from numerous obstacles in the main veins draining the central nervous system, usually: the internal jugular veins and the azygous vein. Internal jugular vein is the most commonly vein affected. Most of the abnormalities in this vein are located at the l Read More

This article discusses the biophysical aspects of venous outflow from the brain in healthy individuals and in patients with chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency. Blood flows out of the brain differently, depending on body position. In the supine position it flows out mainly through internal jugular veins, while in the upright position it uses the vertebral veins. This phenomenon is probably not due to the active regulation of th Read More

The discovery of stenoses in the azygous and internal jugular veins, the so-called chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency that accompanies multiple sclerosis, has enabled the reinterpretation of knowledge about this neurologic disease. Pathologic venous outflow from the central nervous system appears to lead to two main problems. Firstly, it disassembles the blood-brain barrier and may allow the penetration of nervous Read More

The role of the venous circulation has long been underestimated in clinical practice and in research into neurological diseases. In this review, we present an overview of the existing evidence that venous abnormalities can play a key role in the development and manifestation of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. We review the history behind the role of venous diseases in multiple sclerosis and their connections wit Read More

Purpose: To study the blood flow through the internal jugular veins (IJVs) of the MS population. Materials and Methods: Two hundred MS patients and 14 normal volunteers were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3T. Contrast-enhanced time-resolved 3D MR angiography and 2D time-of-flight imaging were performed to assess abnormalities in the extracranial vascular anatomy. Based on this assessment, the MS p Read More

The transradial approach for percutaneous coronary intervention (both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures) has gained progressive acceptance in the last years. Transradial access has been shown, also, to have several advantages over transfemoral approach; the radial artery is easily compressible, thus bleeding is controllable and hemorrhagic complications are significantly reduced. Furthermore, periprocedural bleedi Read More

This review focuses on the use of family-based treatment (FBT) for adolescents with eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). AN and BN are serious disorders with significant psychiatric and medical morbidity. Data support the use of family treatments for adolescents with eating disorders. Developed at the Maudsley Hospital, FBT is a theoretically agnostic approach that externalizes the illn Read More

Background: The primary goals of this paper are to describe the collection and evaluation of various nonpharmacological treatment options for depressive disorders and to establish a basis for the development of a standard for the treatment of patients with depressive disorders. Method: To identify evidence-based treatment elements, a comprehensive investigation of national and international guidelines was conducted. The Read More

Cholesterol-lowering drugs are often prescribed to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus despite uncertainty about the benefits of this treatment in the prevention of cardiovascular complications. We here systematically review (PRISMA guidelines) the results of high-quality double blind trials testing whether cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins and fibrates) reduce mortality and cardiovascular complications specifically in type 2 Read More

This drug utilization or prescription-monitoring study was conducted to evaluate the drug-prescribing trend of anti-asthmatic drugs in various hospitals (health care centre) of Shamli, (Prabuddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India). The study was conducted in three famous hospitals of Shamli on three hundred thirty (330) patients, using a developed prescription auditing Performa. Data was recorded from the co-operating patient Read More

Background: S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, is usually given for 4 weeks (80 mg/m2/day) followed by a 2-week rest. However, compliance with this regimen is unsatisfactory because of adverse events such as leukopenia, anorexia, and nausea. To reduce adverse effects and improve compliance, we studied a “5-day on/2-day off” low-dose regimen of S-1 and evaluated pharmacokinetics in patients with non-small-cell l Read More