Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials - Volume 16, Issue 2, 2021

Background: In the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health systems are struggling to prioritize care for affected patients; however, physicians globally are also attempting to maintain care for other less-threatening medical conditions that may lead to permanent disabilities if untreated. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a relatively common condition affecting young females that could lea Read More

Background: Citicoline is a drug used both in degenerative and in vascular cognitive decline; memantine is a drug used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our hypothesis is that their combined use could have enhanced action in patients having AD and mixed dementia (MD). We report the main tips from a recent study on the use of these drugs, the CITIMEM study. Methods: The study was retr Read More

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that poses several challenges in terms of clinical diagnosis and investigation of molecular etiology. The lack of knowledge on the pathogenic mechanisms underlying ASD has hampered the clinical trials that so far have tried to target ASD behavioral symptoms. In order to improve our understanding of the molecular abnormalities a Read More

Introduction: Corona virus is a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, these families of viruses can cause respiratory infections from a mild form to fatal. It is preferably called coronavirus. Formally, it is known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and this disease is called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SAR Read More

Background: Nutrition plays a major role in the growth and well-being of children and forms the basis of their existence. A pandemic like COVID19 poses some serious questions and challenges in the minds of practicing pediatricians as to what support they should offer children, their parents and carers alleviating their anxiety about their children’s diet and nutrition, that is critical at this time of crisis. Although the evidence for Read More

Backround: Radiation-induced oral mucositis consists of a series of relatively frequent side effects after head and neck cancer radiotherapy and has an adverse impact on both regular treatment process and the quality of life of patients. Objective: The purpose of the present review is to optimize the current management of radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. Methods: PubMed database research wa Read More

Background: Radiation therapy is stressful for both the patient and family. After a child's cancer diagnosis, parents face the burden of dealing with fear, their children's needs and the unfamiliarity of radiotherapy procedure. Introduction: This paper aims to present methods to alleviate the total psychological stress those children and parents feel during the radiation course. Methods: A literature search was performed until Janua Read More

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been studied so far as prognostic factors of cardiovascular diseases. Their role interplayed with endothelial inflammation has emerged as optimal predictors for major cardiovascular disease events and prognostic factors for post-procedural outcomes. Methods: A review of the current literature was undertaken to investigate t Read More

Background: We performed a critical overview of published systematic reviews (SRs) of chemotherapy for advanced and locally advanced pancreatic cancer, and evaluated their quality using AMSTAR2 and ROBIS tools. Materials and Methods: PubMed and Cochrane Central Library were searched for SRs on 13th June 2020. SRs with meta-analysis which included only randomized controlled trials and that had assessed che Read More

Background: We compared the response rates, survival rates, and safety profile of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors with non-targeted chemotherapy and older EGFR inhibitors when used to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating EGFR mutations. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and clinicaltrial.- gov for randomized controlle Read More

Background: A recent survey reported an association between fibromyalgia and overactive bladder. Objective: To carry out the first systematic case-controlled study to compare the level of overactive bladder symptoms in a group of fibromyalgia patients and a group of matched controls. Methods: The symptom-bother OAB-q8 questionnaire and Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) were administered to 27 p Read More

Background: The topical routes of administering drugs have certain visible advantages, such as the direct application of a drug to the site of action and persistence of action for a prolonged duration. More stability and better application property of gel allow its use for topical application. Objectives: To determine and compare antibacterial efficacy of commercially available different dental gels. Methods: For the evaluation Read More

Aim: This cross-sectional case-control study evaluated the serum carnitine level in children with urinary tract infection (UTI). Background: Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a common bacterial infection of the upper urinary tract in children which may also lead to renal damage and tubular atrophy. Activation of inflammatory mediator bedside alterations in the cytokines and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play Read More

Background: Although epidemic, novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection rarely affects the pediatric population. However, in the last months, an increasing number of Italian pediatricians have reported the occurrence of erythema pernio-like in children following a flu-like syndrome, after the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Objective: The study aims to report cutaneous manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 4 adolescents Read More

Background: Balloon dilation and atherectomy have several limitations in the treatment of heavily calcific coronary lesions. Introduction: Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is a state-of-the-art system that modifies severe calcific coronary plaques efficiently. In this paper, we report our experience with IVL in the context of a calcific in-stent chronic total occlusion. Case Summary: A 75-year-old gentleman whose status wa Read More