Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials - Volume 10, Issue 4, 2015

Introduction: Gestational trophoblastic disease is a spectrum of neoplastic abnormalities arising from fetal trophoblastic tissue. The range of the diseases in this group varies from relatively benign Hydatidifom mole (complete and partial mole) to highly malignant choriocarcinoma. Methods: We have reviewed the available literature and discussed the management and follow up based on the current understanding of the natu Read More

Background: Ovarian Cancer is a broad spectrum of diseases comprising several subtypes. Three major categories in younger women are germ cell tumor, sex cord stromal tumor and epithelial ovarian neoplasia. Objective: literature search was for an update on management of ovarian cancer in young women. Context: Germ cell tumor is suspected in young girls presenting with solid ovarian neoplasm as abdominal mas Read More

As a result of increasing life expectancy, the cancer incidence in older population is on the rise. Ovarian cancer (OC) is predominantly the disease of elderly women. More than half of all OC occur in women older than 65years. The incidence of the disease increases with the advancing age, peaking during 7th decade of life and remains elevated until the age of 80 years. With the changing demographic scenario the percenta Read More

Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinomas are rare and share many clinical and histo- pathological features with primary peritoneal and high grade serous carcinomas of ovary. The three have a considerable overlap in pathogenesis and clinical course leading to the view of them being a single entity. Due to the same reason, International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) 2014, in the latest staging have staged them coll Read More

Vulvar cancer is an uncommon malignancy and accounts for around 5% of all gynecologic cancers. Incidence rates have increased for young adults and may be linked to increasing HPV prevalence. Treatment of vulvar cancer has evolved from ‘en-bloc’ surgery with high morbidity to more conservative approaches without compromising oncological safety. In recent years sentinel node evaluation has been advocated in early Read More

Context: Vaginal cancer is a rare gynecologic cancer with very little documentation. Objective: Literature search to have useful information for the management of vaginal cancer and share. Material Methods: We have searched the PUBMED database, Google search engine and other database. A total of 26 references were taken into account. Comments: Once spread from primary other cancers or vulva is ruled out, vaginal can Read More

Cervical cancer has a major impact on the lives of Indian women with an estimated 122, 844 new cases of cervical cancer in the year 2012. About 80% of these cases present in a locally advanced stage leading to high morbidity and mortality. Because of lack of public awareness and infrastructure for screening and early detection in developing countries, this late presentation is likely to continue in the coming years. R Read More

Early cervical cancer includes a broad range of disease, from clinically undetectable micro invasive cancer to large, bulky tumours. The International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system stratifies stage I tumours into two categories, stage IA (microinvasive) and stage IB (gross tumour). There are several options for the treatment of early stage cervical cancer. Decisions about Read More

Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract in developed countries and second to cervical cancer in India. Endometrial cancer predominately affects post menopausal women; however 15-25% of cases are diagnosed before menopause. Endometrial cancer is not amenable to screening, hence needs to be managed effectively as soon as diagnosis is made. Though quite a lot of studies Read More

Pancreatic cancer continues to be the most lethal malignancy with rising incidence. Traditional chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer. Regimens like FOLFIRINOX (5-FU, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin) or gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel have been used to palliate symptoms and prolong survival. Immune therapy is changing the current treatment paradigm for malignancy, especially Read More

Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) is a family of enzymes involved in DNA repair, genome stability, cellular energy metabolism and cell division. Inhibition of PARP-1, the wellcharacterized member of this family, has been explored as a strategy for enhancing anti-cancer activity of existing drugs and for developing new drugs. Recently unique enzymatic properties and biological functions of PARP-2 and PARP-3 have been dis Read More