Discovery of 2-aminopyridine Derivatives with Antichagasic and Antileishmanial Activity Using Phenotypic Assays

Background: Compounds previously studied as anticancer were screened against trypomastigotes to access the bioactivity. The epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi Y strain and the promastigote form of Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania infantum were used in this work. Methods: Cell-based assays were performed to access the bioactivity of the compounds using MTT and the flow cytometry methods. Results: Neq0438, Neq0474 and Neq0440 had the highest potency, with EC50 of 39 μM (L. amazonensis), 52 μM (T. cruzi) and 81 μM (T. cruzi), respectively. These molecules were inactive for Balb/C fibroblast cell line at concentrations above 250 μM, showing selectivity for the parasites. Conclusion: This is the first report that demonstrates antiparasitic activity for the 2-aminopyridine scaffold, with cross-activity against cancer cells.