Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - Infectious Disorders) - Volume 19, Issue 2, 2019

Human hydatid cyst or cystic echinococcosis is a life-threatening zoonotic disease that occurs in most countries worldwide and is recognized as a major public health problem. Following ingestion of Echinococcus granulosus eggs, hydatid cysts which are the larval stage of the worm are formed mostly in liver and lungs, and occasionally in other organs of human. The usual treatment for hydatid cyst is open surgery. One of the pr Read More

Background: Infections caused by Nocardia are rare, but misguided to clinicians, especially if there is a delay in the diagnosis and/or low response to chemotherapy. The incidence of nocardiosis is increasing constantly worldwide, and the situation is getting worse if we consider immunocompromised individuals, such as human immune virus (HIV) positive patients since they are at higher risk. Surgical amputation, Read More

Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis is a neglected zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution, which occurs mainly in pastoral regions. Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto, is the main agent of human infection. Although Iran is an endemic area for CE in the Middle East, lack of data regarding the disease among rural inhabitants of Khuzestan province in recent years, persuaded us to perform the current study. Read More

Objectives: Nowadays, due to the biofilm formation among coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), acquisition of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes could be noted. These organisms resemble other staphylococcus that harbor mecA gene, which encode methicillin resistance but the diversity in CoNS is higher than other species. Based on increasing antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus haemolyticus, analyzing of Read More

Introduction: The evolution of antibiotics in the last century has revolutionized the field of medicine and led this field to higher level of success in treating mild to severe infections, but the inappropriate use of these life saving drugs has been accompanied with the appearance of resistant strains to these agents. Aims & Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence rate of high and low-level mupirocin r Read More

Background: Doxorubicin is a well-established chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but its efficacy is often limited by its related cardiotoxicity. Protection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity can be of great value, especially for children. Silymarin has a potent antioxidant property that can be helpful in preventing cardio-toxicity. Objective: ‘To assess the possible p Read More

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains as a vital threat to global health and its diagnosis is still complicated. Since there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), its diagnosis routinely relies on measurement of host immune responses to M. tuberculosis antigens using the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and Interferon-Y Release Assays (IGRAs). Objective: The aim of this study was t Read More

Background: PA-824 analogues have been proposed on a promising approach for treating MDR/XDR tuberculosis. In order to understand the structural requirement of reported extended side chain analogues were studied to get insight into their structural requirements responsible for high affinity as a ligand-based pharmacophore, 3D-QSAR model have been developed. Docking and molecular dynamics studies revealed the Read More

Background: Tuberculosis [TB] is one of the most important infectious diseases among prisoners. TB Screening plays an important role in prevention among prisoners and their visitors, also better caring of the patients. Active case finding is one of screening methods that is relatively an easy one to find TB suspected prisoners. Therefore, we aimed to assess the prevalence of TB in male prisoners in Tehran, Iran. Methods: Read More

Background: Successful management of periodontitis requires treatment strategy that integrates therapies addressing both pathogen and host aspects of disease etiology. To evaluate sub gingivally applied curcumin gel in treatment of chronic periodontitis based on clinical and biochemical parameters. Materials & Methods: A randomized, double blind, parallel-group trial was carried out on 30 patients suffering from chronic Read More

Background & Aims: Hepatitis C virus infection is a major public health problem in Egypt with a risk for morbidity and mortality due to chronic liver disease complications. Worldwide, Egypt has the highest prevalence of HCV infection with the overall prevalence of about 14.7%. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiviral efficacy, safety, and tolerability of sofosbuvir (SOF) plus Pegylated Interferon (Peg- IFNa) and Ribaviri Read More

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) among Diabetes Mellitus (DM) population is more expected to fail treatment of TB due to smear-negative TB. Objective: We sought to compare and evaluate different methods to study the frequency of TB infections among DM patients. Methods: Blood, sputum and urine samples were collected from 500 newly identified diabetic patients from different diabetic clinics in Warangal districts. Read More

Background: A polyherbal formulation (Herboheal) traditionally indicated for woundcare was investigated for its anti-virulence potential against the notorious pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Objective: This study aimed at evaluating anti-virulence potential of Herboheal formulation against S. aureus in vitro as well as in vivo, followed by studying its effect on target bacterium’s gene expression at the whole transcriptome level. Read More

Introduction: Skin lesions represent lesions that result in loss of tissues and their joints and often this cutaneous process is a primary or secondary consequence of structural changes in the same skin surface. Type 2 diabetic subjects developing chronic skin lesions in the lower limbs in the western world are steadily increasing. We conducted a study on the etiologic incidence of chronic skin lesions in type II diabetic subjects Read More