A Monopole Antenna Based on Quadratic Bézier Outlines for UWB Applications

Background: The review of patents reveals that the Microstrip patch antennas are frequently used in UWB technologies, due to its advantages such as lightweight, ease of integration, small size and compactness. A novel printed monopole antenna based on quadratic Bézier curves for ultra-wideband applications, has been introduced. Methods: The goal of this research focuses mainly on antenna’s miniaturization with high efficiency and omnidirectional radiation patterns with a good UWB characteristics, and time-domain characteristics. The proposed antenna geometries are based on quadratic Bézier outlines most known as Splines. This curves are generated by quadratic interpolation between few control points. Its numerical model has been designed and simulated in CST microwave studio using the finite integrate technique (FIT). Both shapes of radiating element and ground plane are simultaneously optimized by Genetic Algorithm. Results: The proposed antenna operates over bandwidth (3.12 to 17.6GHz) for return loss S11< -10 dB; and shows omnidirectional radiation patterns with good and flatness gain over the frequency range of interest. These antenna also satisfy time-domain characteristics that shown a variation of the group delay less than 0.5 ns, and a small pulse distortion. Conclusion: All these performances indicate that the proposed antenna is suitable for UWB applications, such as high data rate transmission over wireless local area networks. The antenna has a small sized (40 × 32 mm) and can be easily integrated in such systems.