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  4. Volume 25, Issue 5
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Volume 25, Issue 5
  • ISSN: 1871-5303
  • E-ISSN: 2212-3873

Abstract

Objective

The aim of the study was to explore the optimal timing of gonadotropin initiation and the reasonable interval of luteinizing hormone (LH) level in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-A) protocol.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the LH level in patients with different ovarian response treated in GnRH-A protocol in 1361 IVF/ICSI cycles. Ovarian response (including AMH, AFC) in these patients were divided into the poor ovarian response group (an antral follicle count (AFC) ≤ 6, n = 394), the normal ovarian response group (an AFC > 6 and < 15, n = 570), and the high ovarian response group (an AFC ≥ 15, n = 397), according to the AFC. The patients were sub-grouped according to LH levels on the protocol initiation day, and the clinical outcomes (including dose of Gn initiation, Gn administration days, GnRH-ant administration days, P levels on the HCG day, E2 levels on the HCG day, LH levels on the HCG day, number of embryos transferred, total fertilization rate, embryo implantation rate (%), proportion of 2PN, proportion of good-quality embryos, endometrial thickness on the hCG injection day (mm), moderate to severe OHSS, AFC on the initiation day, proportion of type A endometrium on the hCG injection day, clinical pregnancy rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy rate) were compared.

Results

On the GnRH-A protocol initiation day, among all patients with different ovarian responses, the body mass index (BMI) in those with an LH ≥ 5 IU/L was lower. The difference of pregnancy outcome between the LH < 5 IU/L group and the LH ≥ 5 IU/L group were not statistically significant among the different ovarian response groups, but the LH < 5 IU/L group had a higher proportion of good-quality embryos (80.3 ± 24.9 . 74.8 ± 26.9, =0.035) than the LH≥5IU/Lgroup in those with poor ovarian response. The total fertilization rate (82.2 ± 18.1 85.4 ± 15.1, =0.021) and proportion of two pronuclei (2PN) (69.0 ± 20.9 72.7 ± 19.9, =0.035) were higher in the LH ≥ 5 IU/L group than the LH<5 IU/L group for those with normal ovarian response. The embryo implantation rate (41.4 ± 41.3 52.6 ± 43.4, =0.012) was higher in the LH ≥ 5 IU/L group than in the LH<5 IU/L group in those with high ovarian response. The results of the multivariate logistic analysis showed that the age of the female partner, number of embryos transferred, proportion of good-quality embryos, endometrial thickness on the hCG injection day, and moderate-to-severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were independent factors correlated with the outcome of live births ( < 0.05).

Conclusion

The LH levels on the gonadotropins (Gn) initiation day in GnRH-A protocol will not affect pregnancy outcomes.

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers
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2024-07-30
2025-05-19

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/content/journals/emiddt/10.2174/0118715303281640240722070348
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Impact of Luteinizing Hormone on IVF/ICSI Assisted Reproduction on the Initiation Day of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Antagonist Protocol
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 25, 400 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303281640240722070348
/content/journals/emiddt/10.2174/0118715303281640240722070348
/content/journals/emiddt/10.2174/0118715303281640240722070348
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): Gonadotropin-releasing hormone; IVF/ICSI; luteinizing hormone; oocyte retrieval; ovarian; pregnancy outcome

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