Anti-annexin A5, Antiphosphatidylinositol Antibodies, and Haematological Parameters in Preeclampsia Patients: A Case-Control Study

Background: Prevalence and the risk of common antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), such as lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin (aCL), and anti-β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) antibodies, in preeclampsia is a matter of debate. Recently, interests have expanded in evaluating the risks of presenting non-classic aPLs in preeclampsia patients. Objective: The objective of this case-control study was to evaluate some hematological parameters besides assessing the presence of anti-annexin A5 and anti phosphatidylinositol (aPI) antibodies in preeclampsia patients compared to non-preeclampsia subjects. Methods: From two hospitals in Malaysia, a total of 84 subjects were recruited in this case-control study, including 42 preeclampsia and 42 age-matched non-preeclampsia subjects. Some hematological parameters [i.e., hemoglobin, total white blood cell, platelet, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)] were assessed besides screening for anti-annexin A5 and aPI antibodies. Results: Among the hematological parameters, APTT was significantly high in mild preeclampsia when compared to severe preeclampsia subjects (p=0.007). IgG anti-annexin A5 antibody was detected in a single preeclampsia subject only (2.4%) and none in non-preeclampsia subjects. Conclusion: Because of the low prevalence, non-classic aPLs should not be considered as a risk factor in developing preeclampsia and it is not justifiable to consider them as a routine assay in pregnant women.