A Fatal Case of Immunocompetent Aspergilloma: Bronchial Artery Embolization Fail to Halt Recurrent Hemoptysis

Aspergillus is an organism responsible for aspergilloma. Massive hemoptysis, which is a life-threatening symptom in a patient with pulmonary aspergilloma, is difficult to treat. Options for definitive treatment include bronchial artery embolization and surgical removal by thoracotomy. We report a 40-year-old housewife with no past medical illness, who presented with recurrent hemoptysis caused by multiple bilateral pulmonary aspergilloma who underwent repeated embolization in combination with systemic antifungal therapy. Prompt diagnosis and bronchial artery embolization was successful in embolizing the feeding vessel; however, it failed to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage.