Current Pediatric Reviews - Volume 18, Issue 4, 2022

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is the third most common vasculitis of childhood and is extremely rare. It is mainly characterized by chronic, autoimmune, and granulomatous inflammation of the aorta and its major branches. Women under 40 years of age are mostly affected. It occurs for the first time in childhood in about 30% of affected individuals. Initially, it presents nonspecific constitutional findings. Since there is no specific la Read More

Background: Idiopathic or Primary Nephrotic Syndrome (INS) is a common glomerular disease in pediatric population, characterized by proteinuria, edema and hypoalbuminemia with variable findings in renal histopathology. Objective: This review aims to summarize current data on the etiopathogenesis diagnosis, protocols of treatment and potential therapeutic advances in INS. Methods: This narrative review searched f Read More

Sweet’s syndrome is a serious dermatological disorder characterized by a rapid onset of tender plaques or nodules, fever, joint pain, headache, and oral and genital lesions. According to the clinical features and underlying causes, Sweet’s syndrome is divided into three categories, i.e., classical (or idiopathic), malignancy-associated Sweet's syndrome, and drug-induced Sweet's syndrome. It is multifactorial in etiology, a Read More

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are rare hereditary or acquired disorders resulting from an enzymatic deformity in biochemical and metabolic pathways influencing proteins, fats, carbohydrate metabolism, or hampered some organelle function. Even though individual IEMs are uncommon, together, they represent a diverse class of genetic diseases, with new issues and disease mechanisms being portrayed consistently. IEM Read More

Background: Surfactant application by a thin catheter represented by the term less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) for respiratory distress syndrome in spontaneously breathing preterm infants was developed as an alternative to endotracheal intubation. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effects of LISA when compared to the socalled intubation-surfactant-extubation (INSURE) and the standard endotr Read More

Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used for monitoring cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in neonates. There is a lack of data from low-middle income countries (LMIC) setting of cerebral rSO2 in neonates with encephalopathy of diverse etiologies. This study aimed to monitor cerebral rSO2 using NIRS in encephalopathic neonates to maintain the rSO2 between 55 to 85 % in the first 72 hours of admissi Read More

Background: Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is used to treat serious grampositive infections. However, therapeutic drug monitoring for vancomycin is not performed routinely in Vietnam in clinical practices. Monitoring of serum vancomycin concentration or trough levels is necessary to ensure the efficacy and safety of vancomycin therapy. Objective: This study aims to determine the impact of initial vancomycin dose Read More