Current Protein and Peptide Science - Volume 20, Issue 8, 2019

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a systemic disease characterized by acute loss of renal function and accumulation of end products of nitrogen metabolism. Ischemic AKI is the most common cause of AKI, and inflammatory responses are inevitablely involved in ischemic AKI. In the process of ischemic AKI, multiple factors are involved in activating and recruitment of immune cell to the injured kidney. These factors include D Read More

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) that is a global health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. So far, no specific interventions limit injury or improve recovery and survival. Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7), a bifunctional membrane protein, plays key roles in inflammation and cell death. However, the precise role and underlying mechanism of Read More

Intracranial aneurysms (IA) are a huge threat to human health, with a global incidence rate of 0.65–8.4%. Although the microsurgical and interventional techniques have made profound progression in treating IA, the relatively high rate of complications and recurrence are still not satisfactory. Thus, there is a need to elucidate its molecular mechanism. Numerous studies have identified the close relationship betwee Read More

Sepsis, which is a highly heterogeneous syndrome, can result in death as a consequence of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The activation and regulation of the immune system play a key role in the initiation, development and prognosis of sepsis. Due to the different periods of sepsis when the objects investigated were incorporated, clinical trials often exhibit negative or even contrary results. Thus, in this revi Read More

Autophagy entails the removal of dysfunctional components to maintain cellular homeostasis. Over the years, studies of autophagy demonstrated its complex physiological and pathological roles in the liver. Apart from regulation of normal metabolic functions such as glycogenolysis, glycogenesis, and β-oxidation, autophagy also contributes to the modulation of various liver diseases. In this review, we provide a concis Read More

Siglecs are mammalian sialic acid (Sia) recognizing immuno-globulin-like receptors expressed across the major leukocyte lineages, and function to recognize ubiquitous Sia epitopes on the cell surface. Many Siglecs are inhibitory receptors expressed on innate immune cells, they also have a role in maintaining B cell tolerance as well as modulating the activation of conventional and plasmocytic dendritic cells. Through these and ot Read More

Inflammation is the first response occurring after damage or infection, which is a defensive process for the body. It is well known that excessive inflammation can lead to further diseases such as fibrosis. But a regenerative inflammatory response can accelerate the process of repairing injury, in which a variety of cytokines, immune cells, and stem cells are involved. The Wnt signaling pathway was originally known in the Read More

During inflammation, chemokines play a central role by mediating the activation of inflammatory cascade responses in tissue injury. Among more than 200 chemokines, CX3CL1 is a special chemotactic factor existing in both membrane-bound and soluble forms. Its only receptor, CX3CR1, is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis can affect many inflammatory processes by communi Read More