Skip to content
2000
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
  4. Fast Track Articles
  5. Fast Track Article
image of Revolutionizing Influenza Treatment: A Deep Dive into Targeted Drug Delivery Systems

Abstract

Influenza, a highly transmissible respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses A and B, poses a persistent threat to global public health due to its high mutation rate, ability to develop resistance to existing antiviral drugs, and capacity for rapid spread. Current treatment options, including four main classes of antiviral agents—adamantanes, neuraminidase inhibitors, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors, and polymerase acidic endonuclease inhibitors—are limited by the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains, non-specific drug distribution, and adverse side effects. Moreover, the effectiveness of traditional vaccines is often compromised by antigenic drift and shift, necessitating the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. This review comprehensively explores the potential of novel targeted drug delivery systems to address these limitations and improve influenza management. Nanotechnology-based platforms, including lipid-based, polymer-based, inorganic, and hybrid nanoparticles, offer enhanced drug delivery through improved bioavailability, targeted action, and controlled release, thus minimizing systemic toxicity and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Inhalation delivery systems such as dry powder inhalers (DPIs), nebulizers, and nanotechnology-based inhalation formulations provide direct delivery of antiviral agents to the respiratory tract, ensuring rapid onset of action with reduced systemic side effects. Transdermal delivery methods, including microneedle patches and hydrogel-based systems, offer non-invasive alternatives that enhance patient compliance and allow for sustained drug release. Furthermore, this review discusses recent innovations, such as responsive drug delivery systems and multifunctional nanoparticles capable of simultaneous delivery of multiple therapeutic agents, representing a significant advancement in the fight against influenza. These novel approaches promise improved targeting and efficacy and enable personalized treatment strategies, enhancing patient outcomes in both seasonal flu and pandemic scenarios. Integrating these advanced drug delivery systems into clinical practice could revolutionize the management of influenza, offering a promising pathway toward more effective and safer therapies.

© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010326373241012061547
2024-10-21
2024-12-27

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010326373241012061547
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Shrestha S. Foxman B. Berus J. van Panhuis W.G. Steiner C. Viboud C. Rohani P. The role of influenza in the epidemiology of pneumonia. Sci. Rep. 2015 5 1 15314 10.1038/srep15314 26486591
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Moghadami M. Moattari A. Tabatabaee H.R. Mirahmadizadeh A. Rezaianzadeh A. Hasanzadeh J. Ebrahimi M. Zamiri N. Alborzi A. Bagheri Lankarani K. High titers of hemagglutination inhibition antibodies against 2009 H1N1 influenza virus in Southern Iran. Iran. J. Immunol. 2010 7 1 39 48 20371918
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Lee B.Y. McGlone S.M. Bailey R.R. Wiringa A.E. Zimmer S.M. Smith K.J. Zimmerman R.K. To test or to treat? An analysis of influenza testing and antiviral treatment strategies using economic computer modeling. PLoS One 2010 5 6 e11284 10.1371/journal.pone.0011284 20585642
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Samson M. Pizzorno A. Abed Y. Boivin G. Influenza virus resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors. Antiviral Res. 2013 98 2 174 185 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.03.014 23523943
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Itoh Y. Shichinohe S. Nakayama M. Igarashi M. Ishii A. Ishigaki H. Ishida H. Kitagawa N. Sasamura T. Shiohara M. Doi M. Tsuchiya H. Nakamura S. Okamatsu M. Sakoda Y. Kida H. Ogasawara K. Emergence of H7N9 influenza A virus resistant to neuraminidase inhibitors in nonhuman primates. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2015 59 8 4962 4973 10.1128/AAC.00793‑15 26055368
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Kitano M. Itoh Y. Kodama M. Ishigaki H. Nakayama M. Ishida H. Baba K. Noda T. Sato K. Nihashi Y. Kanazu T. Yoshida R. Torii R. Sato A. Ogasawara K. Efficacy of single intravenous injection of peramivir against influenza B virus infection in ferrets and cynomolgus macaques. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2011 55 11 4961 4970 10.1128/AAC.00412‑11 21844317
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Kitano M. Itoh Y. Ishigaki H. Nakayama M. Ishida H. Pham V.L. Arikata M. Shichinohe S. Tsuchiya H. Kitagawa N. Kobayashi M. Yoshida R. Sato A. Le Q.M. Kawaoka Y. Ogasawara K. Efficacy of repeated intravenous administration of peramivir against highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in cynomolgus macaques. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2014 58 8 4795 4803 10.1128/AAC.02817‑14 24913156
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Stittelaar K. Tisdale M. Vanamerongen G. Vanlavieren R. Pistoor F. Simon J. Osterhaus A. Evaluation of intravenous zanamivir against experimental influenza A (H5N1) virus infection in cynomolgus macaques. Antiviral Res. 2008 80 2 225 228 10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.06.014 18647621
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Kalil A.C. Thomas P.G. Influenza virus-related critical illness: Pathophysiology and epidemiology. Crit. Care 2019 23 1 258 10.1186/s13054‑019‑2539‑x 31324202
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Lakdawala S.S. Jayaraman A. Halpin R.A. Lamirande E.W. Shih A.R. Stockwell T.B. Lin X. Simenauer A. Hanson C.T. Vogel L. Paskel M. Minai M. Moore I. Orandle M. Das S.R. Wentworth D.E. Sasisekharan R. Subbarao K. The soft palate is an important site of adaptation for transmissible influenza viruses. Nature 2015 526 7571 122 125 10.1038/nature15379 26416728
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Nicholls J.M. Bourne A.J. Chen H. Guan Y. Peiris J.S.M. Sialic acid receptor detection in the human respiratory tract: evidence for widespread distribution of potential binding sites for human and avian influenza viruses. Respir. Res. 2007 8 1 73 10.1186/1465‑9921‑8‑73 17961210
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Zangrillo A. Biondi-Zoccai G. Landoni G. Frati G. Patroniti N. Pesenti A. Pappalardo F. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with H1N1 influenza infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 8 studies and 266 patients receiving ECMO. Crit. Care 2013 17 1 R30 10.1186/cc12512 23406535
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Huber T. Dietrich D. Emrich H. Possible use of amantadine in depression. Pharmacopsychiatry 1999 32 2 47 55 10.1055/s‑2007‑979191 10333162
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Tokimatsu I. Nasu M. Anti-influenza A viral drug - Amantadine. Jpn. J. Clin. Med. 2000 58 11 2288 2292 11225319
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Yi M. Cross T.A. Zhou H.X. A secondary gate as a mechanism for inhibition of the M2 proton channel by amantadine. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008 112 27 7977 7979 10.1021/jp800171m 18476738
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Balannik V. Wang J. Ohigashi Y. Jing X. Magavern E. Lamb R.A. DeGrado W.F. Pinto L.H. Design and pharmacological characterization of inhibitors of amantadine-resistant mutants of the M2 ion channel of influenza A virus. Biochemistry 2009 48 50 11872 11882 10.1021/bi9014488 19905033
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Batool S. Chokkakula S. Song M.S. Influenza treatment: Limitations of antiviral therapy and advantages of drug combination therapy. Microorganisms 2023 11 1 183 10.3390/microorganisms11010183 36677475
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Gubareva L.V. Kaiser L. Hayden F.G. Influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors. Lancet 2000 355 9206 827 835 10.1016/S0140‑6736(99)11433‑8 10711940
    [Google Scholar]
  19. von Itzstein M. Wu W.Y. Kok G.B. Pegg M.S. Dyason J.C. Jin B. Van Phan T. Smythe M.L. White H.F. Oliver S.W. Colman P.M. Varghese J.N. Ryan D.M. Woods J.M. Bethell R.C. Hotham V.J. Cameron J.M. Penn C.R. Rational design of potent sialidase-based inhibitors of influenza virus replication. Nature 1993 363 6428 418 423 10.1038/363418a0 8502295
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Yu Y. Garg S. Yu P.A. Kim H.J. Patel A. Merlin T. Redd S. Uyeki T.M. Peramivir use for treatment of hospitalized patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 under emergency use authorization, October 2009-June 2010. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2012 55 1 8 15 10.1093/cid/cis352 22491506
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Ikematsu H. Kawai N. Laninamivir octanoate: A new long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor for the treatment of influenza. Expert Rev. Anti Infect. Ther. 2011 9 10 851 857 10.1586/eri.11.112 21973296
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Moscona A. Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005 353 13 1363 1373 10.1056/NEJMra050740 16192481
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Jefferson T. Jones M. Doshi P. Del Mar C. Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2009 339 b5106 10.1136/bmj.b5106 19995812
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Takahashi K. Furuta Y. Fukuda Y. Kuno M. Kamiyama T. Kozaki K. Nomura N. Egawa H. Minami S. Shiraki K. In vitro and in vivo activities of T-705 and oseltamivir against influenza virus. Antivir. Chem. Chemother. 2003 14 5 235 241 10.1177/095632020301400502 14694986
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Hayden F.G. Sugaya N. Hirotsu N. Lee N. de Jong M.D. Hurt A.C. Ishida T. Sekino H. Yamada K. Portsmouth S. Kawaguchi K. Shishido T. Arai M. Tsuchiya K. Uehara T. Watanabe A. Baloxavir marboxil for uncomplicated influenza in adults and adolescents. N. Engl. J. Med. 2018 379 10 913 923 10.1056/NEJMoa1716197 30184455
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Ison M.G. Portsmouth S. Yoshida Y. Shishido T. Hayden F. Uehara T. LB16. Phase 3 trial of baloxavir marboxil in high-risk influenza patients (CAPSTONE-2 Study). Open Forum Infect. Dis. 2018 5 Suppl 1 S764 S765 10.1093/ofid/ofy229.2190
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Klimov A.I. Garten R. Russell C. Barr I.G. Besselaar T.G. Daniels R. Engelhardt O.G. Grohmann G. Itamura S. Kelso A. McCauley J. Odagiri T. Smith D. Tashiro M. Xu X. Webby R. Wang D. Ye Z. Yuelong S. Zhang W. Cox N. WHO recommendations for the viruses to be used in the 2012 Southern Hemisphere Influenza Vaccine: Epidemiology, antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B influenza viruses collected from February to September 2011. Vaccine 2012 30 45 6461 6471 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.089 22917957
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Tenforde M.W. Kondor R.J.G. Chung J.R. Zimmerman R.K. Nowalk M.P. Jackson M.L. Jackson L.A. Monto A.S. Martin E.T. Belongia E.A. McLean H.Q. Gaglani M. Rao A. Kim S.S. Stark T.J. Barnes J.R. Wentworth D.E. Patel M.M. Flannery B. Effect of antigenic drift on influenza vaccine effectiveness in the United States — 2019–2020. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2021 73 11 e4244 e4250 10.1093/cid/ciaa1884 33367650
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Erbelding E.J. Post D.J. Stemmy E.J. Roberts P.C. Augustine A.D. Ferguson S. Paules C.I. Graham B.S. Fauci A.S. A universal influenza vaccine: The strategic plan for the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. J. Infect. Dis. 2018 218 3 347 354 10.1093/infdis/jiy103 29506129
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Dong G. Peng C. Luo J. Wang C. Han L. Wu B. Ji G. He H. Adamantane-resistant influenza a viruses in the world (1902-2013): Frequency and distribution of M2 gene mutations. PLoS One 2015 10 3 e0119115 10.1371/journal.pone.0119115 25768797
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Garcia V. Aris-Brosou S. Comparative dynamics and distribution of influenza drug resistance acquisition to protein m2 and neuraminidase inhibitors. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2014 31 2 355 363 10.1093/molbev/mst204 24214415
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Bright R.A. Medina M. Xu X. Perez-Oronoz G. Wallis T.R. Davis X.M. Povinelli L. Cox N.J. Klimov A.I. Incidence of adamantane resistance among influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated worldwide from 1994 to 2005: A cause for concern. Lancet 2005 366 9492 1175 1181 10.1016/S0140‑6736(05)67338‑2 16198766
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Page M.J. Di Cera E. Role of Na+ and K+ in enzyme function. Physiol. Rev. 2006 86 4 1049 1092 10.1152/physrev.00008.2006 17015484
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Omoto S. Speranzini V. Hashimoto T. Noshi T. Yamaguchi H. Kawai M. Kawaguchi K. Uehara T. Shishido T. Naito A. Cusack S. Characterization of influenza virus variants induced by treatment with the endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil. Sci. Rep. 2018 8 1 9633 10.1038/s41598‑018‑27890‑4 29941893
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Gubareva L.V. Mishin V.P. Patel M.C. Chesnokov A. Nguyen H.T. De La Cruz J. Spencer S. Campbell A.P. Sinner M. Reid H. Garten R. Katz J.M. Fry A.M. Barnes J. Wentworth D.E. Assessing baloxavir susceptibility of influenza viruses circulating in the United States during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons. Euro Surveill. 2019 24 3 1800666 10.2807/1560‑7917.ES.2019.24.3.1800666 30670144
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Takashita E. Morita H. Ogawa R. Nakamura K. Fujisaki S. Shirakura M. Kuwahara T. Kishida N. Watanabe S. Odagiri T. Susceptibility of influenza viruses to the novel cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil. Front. Microbiol. 2018 9 3026 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03026 30574137
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Takashita E. Kawakami C. Ogawa R. Morita H. Fujisaki S. Shirakura M. Miura H. Nakamura K. Kishida N. Kuwahara T. Ota A. Togashi H. Saito A. Mitamura K. Abe T. Ichikawa M. Yamazaki M. Watanabe S. Odagiri T. Influenza A(H3N2) virus exhibiting reduced susceptibility to baloxavir due to a polymerase acidic subunit I38T substitution detected from a hospitalised child without prior baloxavir treatment, Japan, January 2019. Euro Surveill. 2019 24 12 1900170 10.2807/1560‑7917.ES.2019.24.12.1900170 30914078
    [Google Scholar]
  38. O’Hanlon R. Shaw M.L. Baloxavir marboxil: The new influenza drug on the market. Curr. Opin. Virol. 2019 35 14 18 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.01.006 30852344
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Baker D.E. Baloxavir marboxil. Hosp. Pharm. 2019 54 3 165 169 10.1177/0018578719841044 31205326
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Flynn S. Modulating docetaxel encapsulation and release from branched vinyl copolymer nanoparticles formed via co-nanoprecipitation. Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Liverpool 2019
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Webster R.G. Bean W.J. Gorman O.T. Chambers T.M. Kawaoka Y. Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses. Microbiol. Rev. 1992 56 1 152 179 10.1128/mr.56.1.152‑179.1992 1579108
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Yoon S-W. Webby R.J. Webster R.G. Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses. Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume I Springer Cham Compans R. Oldstone M. 2014 359 375 10.1007/82_2014_396
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Parry R. Wille M. Turnbull O. Geoghegan J. Holmes E. Divergent influenza-like viruses of amphibians and fish support an ancient evolutionary association. Viruses 2020 12 9 1042 10.3390/v12091042 32962015
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Lyons D.M. Lauring A.S. Mutation and epistasis in influenza virus evolution. Viruses 2018 10 8 407 10.3390/v10080407 30081492
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Jiang D. Could the Environment Affect the Mutation of H1N1 Influenza Virus? Advances in Clinical Immunology, Medical Microbiology, COVID-19, and Big Data. Jenny Stanford Publishing 2021 255 267 1st ed
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Shen Z. Lou K. Wang W. New small-molecule drug design strategies for fighting resistant influenza A. Acta Pharm. Sin. B 2015 5 5 419 430 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.07.006 26579472
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Yen H.L. Current and novel antiviral strategies for influenza infection. Curr. Opin. Virol. 2016 18 126 134 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.05.004 27344481
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Scheld W.M. Drug delivery to the central nervous system: General principles and relevance to therapy for infections of the central nervous system. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1989 11 Suppl. 7 S1669 S1690 10.1093/clinids/11.Supplement_7.S1669 2690302
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Takashita E. Daniels R.S. Fujisaki S. Gregory V. Gubareva L.V. Huang W. Hurt A.C. Lackenby A. Nguyen H.T. Pereyaslov D. Roe M. Samaan M. Subbarao K. Tse H. Wang D. Yen H.L. Zhang W. Meijer A. Global update on the susceptibilities of human influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors and the cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir, 2017–2018. Antiviral Res. 2020 175 104718 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104718 32004620
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Pradhan D. Biswasroy P. Goyal A. Ghosh G. Rath G. Recent advancement in nanotechnology-based drug delivery system against viral infections. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021 22 1 47 10.1208/s12249‑020‑01908‑5 33447909
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Aderibigbe B.A. Polymeric therapeutic delivery systems for the treatment of infectious diseases. Ther. Deliv. 2017 8 7 557 576 10.4155/tde‑2017‑0008 28633590
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Singh L. Kruger H.G. Maguire G.E.M. Govender T. Parboosing R. The role of nanotechnology in the treatment of viral infections. Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis. 2017 4 4 105 131 10.1177/2049936117713593 28748089
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Chaurasiya B. Zhao Y.Y. Dry powder for pulmonary delivery: A comprehensive review. Pharmaceutics 2020 13 1 31 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010031 33379136
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Zhu C. Chen J. Yu S. Que C. Taylor L.S. Tan W. Wu C. Zhou Q.T. Inhalable nanocomposite microparticles with enhanced dissolution and superior aerosol performance. Mol. Pharm. 2020 17 9 3270 3280 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00390 32643939
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Pham D.T. Chokamonsirikun A. Phattaravorakarn V. Tiyaboonchai W. Polymeric micelles for pulmonary drug delivery: A comprehensive review. J. Mater. Sci. 2021 56 3 2016 2036 10.1007/s10853‑020‑05361‑4
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Peer D. Karp J.M. Hong S. Farokhzad O.C. Margalit R. Langer R. Nanocarriers as an emerging platform for cancer therapy Nano-Enabled Medical Applications Jenny Stanford Publishing Balogh L.P. 1st ed 2020 61 91 10.1201/9780429399039‑2
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Mura S. Nicolas J. Couvreur P. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery. Nat. Mater. 2013 12 11 991 1003 10.1038/nmat3776 24150417
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Shakeel F. Ramadan W. Transdermal delivery of anticancer drug caffeine from water-in-oil nanoemulsions. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 2010 75 1 356 362 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.09.010 19783127
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Bobo D. Robinson K.J. Islam J. Thurecht K.J. Corrie S.R. Nanoparticle-based medicines: A review of FDA-approved materials and clinical trials to date. Pharm. Res. 2016 33 10 2373 2387 10.1007/s11095‑016‑1958‑5 27299311
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Hoque M. Hossain M.S. Akram T. Das S.R. Advancing healthcare: Exploring recent innovations in drug delivery systems. Int. J. Multidiscip. Res. Growth Eval. 2023 4 5 50 55 10.54660/.IJMRGE.2023.4.5.50‑55
    [Google Scholar]
  61. Sultana A. Zare M. Thomas V. Kumar T.S.S. Ramakrishna S. Nano-based drug delivery systems: Conventional drug delivery routes, recent developments and future prospects. Med. Drug Discov. 2022 15 100134 10.1016/j.medidd.2022.100134
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Begines B. Ortiz T. Pérez-Aranda M. Martínez G. Merinero M. Argüelles-Arias F. Alcudia A. Polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery: Recent developments and future prospects. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020 10 7 1403 10.3390/nano10071403 32707641
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Hickey A.J. Emerging trends in inhaled drug delivery. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2020 157 63 70 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.006 32663488
    [Google Scholar]
  64. da Rocha S.R. Bharatwaj B. Heyder R.S. Yang L. Pressurized metered-dose inhalers. Pharmaceutical Inhalation Aerosol Technology. 3rd ed CRC Press 2019 3rd ed 427 453
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Torchilin V.P. Liposomes as targetable drug carriers. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 1985 2 1 65 115 3913530
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Cai W. Wang J. Chu C. Chen W. Wu C. Liu G. Metal–organic framework‐based stimuli‐responsive systems for drug delivery. Adv. Sci. (Weinh.) 2019 6 1 1801526 10.1002/advs.201801526 30643728
    [Google Scholar]
  67. Mehta M. Prasher P. Sharma M. Shastri M.D. Khurana N. Vyas M. Dureja H. Gupta G. Anand K. Satija S. Chellappan D.K. Dua K. Advanced drug delivery systems can assist in targeting coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A hypothesis. Med. Hypotheses 2020 144 110254 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110254 33254559
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Kouassi G.K. Irudayaraj J. McCarty G. Interaction of silver nanoparticles with HIV-1. J. Nanobiotechnology 2005 3 1 1 10 10.1186/1477‑3155‑3‑1 15661076
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Parveen S. Misra R. Sahoo S.K. Nanoparticles: A boon to drug delivery, therapeutics, diagnostics and imaging Nanomedicine in Cancer Jenny Stanford Publishing 2017 47 98 1st ed
    [Google Scholar]
  70. He Q. Cui Y. Li J. Molecular assembly and application of biomimetic microcapsules. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009 38 8 2292 2303 10.1039/b816475b 19623351
    [Google Scholar]
  71. Timin A.S. Muslimov A.R. Petrova A.V. Lepik K.V. Okilova M.V. Vasin A.V. Afanasyev B.V. Sukhorukov G.B. Hybrid inorganic-organic capsules for efficient intracellular delivery of novel siRNAs against influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. Sci. Rep. 2017 7 1 102 10.1038/s41598‑017‑00200‑0 28273907
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Gao H. Goriacheva O.A. Tarakina N.V. Sukhorukov G.B. Intracellularly biodegradable polyelectrolyte/silica composite microcapsules as carriers for small molecules. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016 8 15 9651 9661 10.1021/acsami.6b01921 27008032
    [Google Scholar]
  73. Mhlwatika Z. Aderibigbe B.A. Application of dendrimers for the treatment of infectious diseases. Molecules 2018 23 9 2205 10.3390/molecules23092205 30200314
    [Google Scholar]
  74. Pati R. Shevtsov M. Sonawane A. Nanoparticle vaccines against infectious diseases. Front. Immunol. 2018 9 2224 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02224 30337923
    [Google Scholar]
  75. Ng P.Q. Ling L.S.C. Chellian J. Madheswaran T. Panneerselvam J. Kunnath A.P. Gupta G. Satija S. Mehta M. Hansbro P.M. Collet T. Dua K. Chellappan D.K. Applications of nanocarriers as drug delivery vehicles for active phytoconstituents. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2020 26 36 4580 4590 10.2174/1381612826666200610111013 32520681
    [Google Scholar]
  76. Pandey P. Satija S. Wadhwa R. Mehta M. Purohit D. Gupta G. Prasher P. Chellappan D.K. Awasthi R. Dureja H. Dua K. Emerging trends in nanomedicine for topical delivery in skin disorders: Current and translational approaches. Dermatol. Ther. 2020 33 3 e13292 10.1111/dth.13292 32126154
    [Google Scholar]
  77. Mehta M. Deeksha Tewari D. Gupta G. Awasthi R. Singh H. Pandey P. Chellappan D.K. Wadhwa R. Collet T. Hansbro P.M. Kumar S.R. Thangavelu L. Negi P. Dua K. Satija S. Oligonucleotide therapy: An emerging focus area for drug delivery in chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases. Chem. Biol. Interact. 2019 308 206 215 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.028 31136735
    [Google Scholar]
  78. Sharma P. Mehta M. Dhanjal D.S. Kaur S. Gupta G. Singh H. Thangavelu L. Rajeshkumar S. Tambuwala M. Bakshi H.A. Chellappan D.K. Dua K. Satija S. Emerging trends in the novel drug delivery approaches for the treatment of lung cancer. Chem. Biol. Interact. 2019 309 108720 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.06.033 31226287
    [Google Scholar]
  79. Mehta M. Deeksha Sharma N. Vyas M. Khurana N. Maurya P.K. Singh H. Andreoli de Jesus T.P. Dureja H. Chellappan D.K. Gupta G. Wadhwa R. Collet T. Hansbro P.M. Dua K. Satija S. Interactions with the macrophages: An emerging targeted approach using novel drug delivery systems in respiratory diseases. Chem. Biol. Interact. 2019 304 10 19 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.02.021 30849336
    [Google Scholar]
  80. Khairnar S.V. Jain D.D. Tambe S.M. Chavan Y.R. Amin P.D. Nebulizer systems: A new frontier for therapeutics and targeted delivery. Ther. Deliv. 2022 13 1 31 49 10.4155/tde‑2021‑0070 34766509
    [Google Scholar]
  81. Alhamad B.R. Fink J.B. Harwood R.J. Sheard M.M. Ari A. Effect of aerosol devices and administration techniques on drug delivery in a simulated spontaneously breathing pediatric tracheostomy model. Respir. Care 2015 60 7 1026 1032 10.4187/respcare.03592 25737572
    [Google Scholar]
  82. Weers J. Tarara T. The PulmoSphere™ platform for pulmonary drug delivery. Ther. Deliv. 2014 5 3 277 295 10.4155/tde.14.3 24592954
    [Google Scholar]
  83. Usmani O.S. Roche N. Jenkins M. Stjepanovic N. Mack P. De Backer W. Consistent pulmonary drug delivery with whole lung deposition using the aerosphere inhaler: A review of the evidence. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2021 16 113 124 10.2147/COPD.S274846 33500616
    [Google Scholar]
  84. Zhang F. Santos H.A. Chapter 8 - Photosensitive materials for constructing on-demanded drug-release systems. Photoactive Inorganic Nanoparticles. Elsevier 2019 193 210 10.1016/B978‑0‑12‑814531‑9.00008‑7
    [Google Scholar]
  85. Su Y. Zhang B. Sun R. Liu W. Zhu Q. Zhang X. Wang R. Chen C. PLGA-based biodegradable microspheres in drug delivery: Recent advances in research and application. Drug Deliv. 2021 28 1 1397 1418 10.1080/10717544.2021.1938756 34184949
    [Google Scholar]
  86. Zheng B. Peng W. Guo M. Huang M. Gu Y. Wang T. Ni G. Ming D. Inhalable nanovaccine with biomimetic coronavirus structure to trigger mucosal immunity of respiratory tract against COVID-19. Chem. Eng. J. 2021 418 129392 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129392 33762883
    [Google Scholar]
  87. Pimentel T.A.P.F. Yan Z. Jeffers S.A. Holmes K.V. Hodges R.S. Burkhard P. Peptide nanoparticles as novel immunogens: Design and analysis of a prototypic severe acute respiratory syndrome vaccine. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2009 73 1 53 61 10.1111/j.1747‑0285.2008.00746.x 19152635
    [Google Scholar]
  88. Paudel K.S. Milewski M. Swadley C.L. Brogden N.K. Ghosh P. Stinchcomb A.L. Challenges and opportunities in dermal/transdermal delivery. Ther. Deliv. 2010 1 1 109 131 10.4155/tde.10.16 21132122
    [Google Scholar]
  89. Larrañeta E. Lutton R.E.M. Woolfson A.D. Donnelly R.F. Microneedle arrays as transdermal and intradermal drug delivery systems: Materials science, manufacture and commercial development. Mater. Sci. Eng. Rep. 2016 104 1 32 10.1016/j.mser.2016.03.001
    [Google Scholar]
  90. Chen X. Prow T.W. Crichton M.L. Jenkins D.W.K. Roberts M.S. Frazer I.H. Fernando G.J.P. Kendall M.A.F. Dry-coated microprojection array patches for targeted delivery of immunotherapeutics to the skin. J. Control. Release 2009 139 3 212 220 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.06.029 19577597
    [Google Scholar]
  91. Li X.G. Chen J. Wang W. Lin F. Li L. Liang J.J. Deng Z.H. Zhang B.Y. Jia Y. Su Y.B. Kang Y.F. Du J. Liu Y.Q. Xu J. Lu Q.B. Oseltamivir treatment for influenza during the flu season of 2018–2019: A longitudinal study. Front. Microbiol. 2022 13 865001 10.3389/fmicb.2022.865001 35620096
    [Google Scholar]
  92. Zhao L. Zhang C. Abu-Ershaid J.M. Li M. Li Y. Naser Y. Dai X. Abbate M.T.A. Donnelly R.F. Smart responsive microarray patches for transdermal drug delivery and biological monitoring. Adv. Healthc. Mater. 2021 10 20 2100996 10.1002/adhm.202100996 34449129
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010326373241012061547
Loading
Revolutionizing Influenza Treatment: A Deep Dive into Targeted Drug Delivery Systems
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892010326373241012061547
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010326373241012061547
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010326373241012061547
Loading

Data & Media loading...


  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keywords: Anti-viral ; Influenza ; Drug delivery approach ; Drug resistance ; Nanomedicine

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test