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image of Strengthening Effect of Thalidomide Combined with an Anti-PD1 Antibody on Enhancing Immunity for Lung Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Objective

Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents offers a promising strategy to counteract the cooperative promotion of solid tumor growth by immune checkpoints and intratumoral angiogenesis.

Methods

We investigated the potential of thalidomide (THD) and anti-PD-1 antibody (PD-1 mAb) in suppressing tumor growth, enhancing immunity, and inhibiting angiogenesis.

Results

THD exhibited regulatory effects on PD-1 in CD4+ T cells and PD-L1 in cancer cells, along with tumor growth inhibition in A549 and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell lines. Combined with PD-1 mAb, THD increased intracellular IL-2 and IFN-γ expression in CD4+ T cells, enhanced granzyme (Gzm-B) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and reduced TNF-α expression in CD4+ T cells. In C57BL/6 mice, THD plus PD-1 mAb decreased LLC-derived lung tumor weight and volume, boosted CD8+ T cell infiltration in tumors, and reduced CD34+ intratumoral microvessel density.

Conclusion

This study highlights THD’s role in modifying the tumor microenvironment to enhance PD-1 mAb efficacy, proposing a clinically feasible approach for improving PD-1 mAb treatment outcomes.

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers
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2025-01-03
2025-03-26

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Strengthening Effect of Thalidomide Combined with an Anti-PD1 Antibody on Enhancing Immunity for Lung Cancer Therapy
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892010319495241218114812
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010319495241218114812
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010319495241218114812
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: thalidomide ; suppressing neovascularization ; PD-1 mAb ; Immune checkpoint inhibitor

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