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Volume 26, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 1389-2010
  • E-ISSN: 1873-4316

Abstract

Background

The kojyl 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid (KAP) was synthesized by kojic acid (KA) with a 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid. Which is more stable than KA and showed better skin penetration and anti-pigmentation efficacy in melanocytes. However, up till now, there have been no studies aimed at incorporating KAP into an emulsion system and evaluating its effectiveness.

Objective

We develop a novel skin-lightening agent using KAP as the active ingredient and a low-cytotoxic nanoemulsion as the delivery system in this study.

Methods

The sorbitan monooleate and polysorbate surfactants with polyethylene glycol (PEG) co-surfactant were used to generate a nanoemulsion system.

Results

The transparency and particle size stability over various storage times indicate that the formulated nanoemulsions are suitable for long-term storage. Besides, results demonstrate that the anti-pigmentation function of KA and KAP-containing nanoemulsions (NE-KA and NE-KAP) evidently outperformed that of the non-packed KA and KAP group. Despite having the lowest concentration among other treatments, NE-KAP was able to reduce melanin content to approximately 80% of the blank.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that this newly developed nanoemulsion containing KAP could potentially serve as a sustainable alternative to hydroquinone for treating dermal hyperpigmentation disorders in future applications.

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers
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2024-07-05
2025-03-29

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Preparation and Evaluation of Nanoemulsion Formulation Containing Kojic Acid and Kojyl 3-aminopropylphosphonic Acid
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 26, 608 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892010310230240615112928
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010310230240615112928
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010310230240615112928
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): cosmetics; kojic acid (KA); kojyl 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid (KAP); melanin; Nanoemulsion; polyethylene glycol; sorbitan monooleate; sustainable alternatives

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